Community based diabetes prevention programme in older adults in a Greek rural area

Margarita Matte; Konstantinos Makrilakis; Evangelos Polychronopoulos; George Sakellaropoulos; Panagiotis Braoudakis; Stefanos Fokas; Konstantinos Koukios; Emmanouil Velonakis

doi:10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20161406

Authors

Margarita Matte Eastern Achaia General Hospital, Ano Voulomeno, 25100 Aegio, Achaia
Konstantinos Makrilakis Department of Propaedeutic Medicine, Athens University Medical School, Laiko General Hospital, 17 Agios Thomas, 11527 Athens
Evangelos Polychronopoulos Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, 70 Eleftheriou Venizelou, 17676 Kallithea, Athens
George Sakellaropoulos Department of Medical Physics School of Medicine University of Patras, 265 04, Patra
Panagiotis Braoudakis Eastern Achaia General Hospital, Ano Voulomeno, 25100 Aegio, Achaia
Stefanos Fokas Eastern Achaia General Hospital, Ano Voulomeno, 25100 Aegio, Achaia
Konstantinos Koukios Eastern Achaia General Hospital, Ano Voulomeno, 25100 Aegio, Achaia
Emmanouil Velonakis Department of Nursing, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 123 Papadiamantopoulou, 11527 Goudi, Athens

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20161406

Keywords:

Lifestyle intervention, Older people, Prevention, Type 2 diabetes

Abstract

Background: Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) is one of the commonest non-communicable diseases. The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of a two-year, non-intensive lifestyle intervention programme to prevent type 2 diabetes (T2D) in older people, held in ‘real world’ community rural settings.

Methods: A total of 34 participants, 66±6 years old, at high risk for T2D were recruited from the open protective centres of elderly in a Greek rural town. The intervention included 16 group sessions for the intervention group and one session at baseline for the control group, delivered by a registered dietitian. Clinical and metabolic factors, dietary habits and physical activity were measured.

Results: Analyses of between-group differences at year 1 revealed that the participants in the intervention group achieved greater decreases in weight (-0.8±1.9 versus 1.7±3.8 kg, p=0.021), waist circumference -1 (-2 -1) cm (p=0.027), diastolic blood pressure (-2.89±14.71 versus 15.85±20.19 mmHg, p=0.044), LDL-C (-22.29±31.42 versus -2.60±19.84 mg/dl, p=0.05), in energy intake (-202.6±409.2 versus 194.3±453.7 kcal/day, p=0.015) and saturated fat intake (-4.8±13.7 versus 5.1±11.8g/day, p=0.044).The fiber consumption was significantly greater in the intervention group (3.7±2.2 versus -0.1±2.8g/day, p=0.001). At year 2, significant differences were observed in waist circumference (-2.3±3.5 vs. 2.9±7.1cm, p=0.019), diastolic blood pressure (-1.38±14.29 versus 13.5±16.06 mmHg, p=0.021), energy intake (-228.6±513.4 versus 264.5±462.1kcal/day, p=0.021) and fat intake (-16±30.2 versus 10.8±30.3g/day, p=0.037).

Conclusions: The implementation of a non-intensive lifestyle intervention programme to prevent T2D in older adults in a rural community setting is practical and can have a favourable impact on clinical and metabolic parameters.

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