Awareness, perceptions, and attitude towards COVID-19 vaccine among 18-44 years old adults in India: a cross-sectional study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20220227Keywords:
COVID-19 vaccine, Awareness, Perceptions, Attitudes, 18-44 yearsAbstract
Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines currently represent an effective and the only effective weapon to effectively combat the Pandemic. Thus, it is especially important to judge the awareness and perception of general population about the study. With this aim, the study was conducted at a vaccination centre among registered adults aged 18-44 years getting the first dose of vaccination to assess knowledge, perceptions about COVID 19 vaccine.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from 15 June 21 to 25 June 21 among 612 adults aged 18-44 years adults registered for the first dose of vaccination (COVISHIELD Vaccine) at the vaccination centre of tertiary care hospital in Western Maharashtra.
Results: A total of 612 study participants aged 18-44 participated. On assessing awareness, perceptions, attitudes towards the COVID-19 vaccine, most of them liked to prefer COVISHIELD (83.7%) over COVAXIN (12.3%). More than one-third liked to have a second dose at 4–6-week interval, with a similar number favouring 6–8-week interval. On assessing the KAP score mean KAP score (±SD) was 18±4.5 out of 35.
Conclusions: This study highlights that overall awareness and perceptions of the study population was good. However, there was inadequate knowledge about certain key aspects of COVID-19 vaccination like contra-indications, duration after which protection starts after inoculation. The findings suggest immediate health education programs, risk communication, should be done effectively to curb, vaccine hesitancy and misinformation.
References
Kim M, Lee JY, Park JS, Kim HA, Hyun M, Suh Y-S, et al. Lessons from a COVID-19 hospital, Republic of Korea. Bull World Health Organ. 2020;98(12):842-8.
Organization WH. Therapeutics and COVID-19: LIVING GUIDELINE. World Health Organization; 2020. Available at: https://www.jstor.org/stable/ resrep28000. Accessed on 21 June 2021.
Khubchandani J, Sharma S, Price JH, Wiblishauser MJ, Sharma M, Webb FJ. COVID-19 Vaccination Hesitancy in the United States: A Rapid National Assessment. J Community Health. 2021;46(2):270-7.
Acceptability of Vaccination Against COVID-19 Among Healthcare Workers in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Available at: https://www. ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7605960/. Accessed on 27 June 2021.
Simply put: Vaccination saves lives. PNAS. Available at: https://www.pnas.org/content/114 /16/4031.short. Accessed on 22 June 2021.
Kwok KO, Lai F, Wei WI, Wong SYS, Tang JWT. Herd immunity – estimating the level required to halt the COVID-19 epidemics in affected countries. J Infect. 2020;80(6):e32-3.
Sanche S, Lin YT, Xu C, Romero-Severson E, Hengartner N, Ke R. High Contagiousness and Rapid Spread of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2. Emerg Infect Dis. 2020;26(7):1470-7.
de Figueiredo A, Simas C, Karafillakis E, Paterson P, Larson HJ. Mapping global trends in vaccine confidence and investigating barriers to vaccine uptake: a large-scale retrospective temporal modelling study. The Lancet. 2020;396(10255):898-908.
Communication and miscommunication of risk: understanding UK parents’ attitudes to combined MMR vaccination. The BMJ. Available at: https://www.bmj.com/content/327/7417/725.short. Accessed on 3 July 2021.
Burki T. Vaccine misinformation and social media. Lancet Digit Health. 2019;1(6):e258-9.
Public Health and Economic Consequences of Vaccine Hesitancy for Measles in the United States. Infectious Diseases. JAMA Pediatrics. JAMA Network. Available at: https://jamanetwork.com/ journals/jamapediatrics/article-abstract/2643169. Accessed on 3 July 2021.
Al-Marshoudi S, Al-Balushi H, Al-Wahaibi A, Al-Khalili S, Al-Maani A, Al-Farsi N, et al. Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices (KAP) toward the COVID-19 Vaccine in Oman: A Pre-Campaign Cross-Sectional Study. Vaccines. 2021;9(6):602.
Trends, patterns and psychological influences on COVID-19 vaccination intention: findings from a large prospective community cohort study in England and Wales (Virus Watch). medRxiv. Available at: https://www.medrxiv.org/content/ 10.1101/2021.03.22.21254130v1.full. Accessed on 27 June 2021.
WHO-2019-nCoV-SAGE_Framework-Allocation_ and_prioritization-2020.1-eng.pdf. Available at: https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/334299/WHO-2019-nCoV-SAGE_Framework-Allocation_and_prioritization-2020.1-eng.pdf. Accessed on 27 June 2021.
Mannan DKA, Farhana KM. Knowledge, Attitude and Acceptance of a COVID-19 Vaccine: A Global Cross-Sectional Study [Internet]. Rochester, NY: Social Science Research Network. Report No.: ID 3763373. Available at: https://papers.ssrn.com/ab stract=3763373. Accessed on 27 June 2021.
The contribution of vaccination to global health: past, present and future. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. Available at: https://royalsocietypublishing. org/doi/full/10.1098/rstb.2013.0433. Accessed on 3 July 2021.
Romer D, Jamieson KH. Conspiracy theories as barriers to controlling the spread of COVID-19 in the U.S. Soc Sci Med. 2020;263:113356.
Sallam M, Dababseh D, Yaseen A, Al-Haidar A, Ababneh NA, Bakri FG, et al. Conspiracy Beliefs Are Associated with Lower Knowledge and Higher Anxiety Levels Regarding COVID-19 among Students at the University of Jordan. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(14):4915.
COVID-19 misinformation: Mere harmless delusions or much more? A knowledge and attitude cross-sectional study among the general public residing in Jordan. Available at: https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0243264. Accessed on 3 July 2021.
Xiong J, Lipsitz O, Nasri F, Lui LMW, Gill H, Phan L, et al. Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on mental health in the general population: A systematic review. J Affect Disord. 2020;277:55-64.
The epic battle against coronavirus misinformation and conspiracy theories. - Document - Gale OneFile: Health and Medicine. Available at: https://go.gale.com/ps/i.do?id=GALE%7CA625089934&sid=googleScholar&v=2.1&it=r&linkaccess=abs&issn=00280836&p=HRCA&sw=w&userGroupName=anon%7E6710fdd4. Accessed on 3 July 2021.
A global survey of potential acceptance of a COVID-19 vaccine. Nature Medicine. Available at: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-020-1124-9. Accessed on 2 July 2021.
Chan EY-Y, Cheng CK-Y, Tam GC-H, Huang Z, Lee PY. Willingness of future A/H7N9 influenza vaccine uptake: A cross-sectional study of Hong Kong community. Vaccine. 2015;33(38):4737-40.
Khan YH, Mallhi TH, Alotaibi NH, Alzarea AI, Alanazi AS, Tanveer N, et al. Threat of COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy in Pakistan: The Need for Measures to Neutralize Misleading Narratives. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2020;103(2):603-4.
Islam MS, Siddique AB, Akter R, Tasnim R, Sujan MSH, Ward PR, et al. Knowledge, attitudes and perceptions towards COVID-19 vaccinations: a cross-sectional community survey in Bangladesh. medRxiv. 2021.
COVID‐19 vaccination intent, perceptions, and reasons for not vaccinating among groups prioritized for early vaccination — United States, September and December 2020 - Nguyen - 2021 - American Journal of Transplantation, Wiley Online Library. Available at: https://onlinelibrary.wiley. com/doi/full/10.1111/ajt.16560. Accessed on 4 July 2021.
Szilagyi PG, Thomas K, Shah MD, Vizueta N, Cui Y, Vangala S, et al. National Trends in the US Public’s Likelihood of Getting a COVID-19 Vaccine—April 1 to December 8, 2020. JAMA. 2021;325(4):396-8.
ul Haq N, Hassali MA, Shafie AA, Saleem F, Farooqui M, Aljadhey H. A cross sectional assessment of knowledge, attitude and practice towards Hepatitis B among healthy population of Quetta, Pakistan. BMC Public Health. 2012;12(1):692.
Wouters OJ, Shadlen KC, Salcher-Konrad M, Pollard AJ, Larson HJ, Teerawattananon Y, et al. Challenges in ensuring global access to COVID-19 vaccines: production, affordability, allocation, and deployment. The Lancet. 2021;397(10278):1023-34.
Murphy J, Vallières F, Bentall RP, Shevlin M, McBride O, Hartman TK, et al. Psychological characteristics associated with COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and resistance in Ireland and the United Kingdom. Nat Commun. 2021;12(1):29.
Detoc M, Bruel S, Frappe P, Tardy B, Botelho-Nevers E, Gagneux-Brunon A. Intention to participate in a COVID-19 vaccine clinical trial and to get vaccinated against COVID-19 in France during the pandemic. Vaccine. 2020;38(45):7002-6.
Linden S van der, Dixon G, Clarke C, Cook J. Inoculating against COVID-19 vaccine misinformation. EClinicalMedicine. Available at: https://www.thelancet.com/journals/eclinm/article/PIIS2589-5370(21)00052-3/abstract. Accessed on 3 July 2021.
Inoculating the Public against Misinformation about Climate Change - van der Linden - 2017 - Global Challenges, Wiley Online Library. Available at: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/gch2.201600008. Accessed on 3 July 2021.
Maertens R, Roozenbeek J, Basol M, van der Linden S. Long-term effectiveness of inoculation against misinformation: Three longitudinal experiments. J Exp Psychol Appl. 2021;27(1):1-16.
Cook J, Lewandowsky S, Ecker UKH. Neutralizing misinformation through inoculation: Exposing misleading argumentation techniques reduces their influence. Plos One. 2017;12(5):e0175799.
