Mental health risk factors influencing metabolic syndrome among secondary school teachers of Mysore city, India
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20160978Keywords:
Metabolic syndrome, Stress, Depression, Risk factors, ScreeningAbstract
Background: Metabolic syndrome has been suggested to be an intermediate pathway between depression and CVD wherein, chronic stress due to prolonged exposure to work stress, repeated stress over a period of time damages the HPA axis resulting in a maladaptive process as well as inflammatory factors like CRP which causes depression and poor health habits, leading to development of metabolic syndrome. The risk factors causing stress among the school teachers is very high as compared to other professional groups which not only affects their health but also adversely affects the students and their learning environment. The interventions have been mainly to reduce the level of work related stress and improve their performance in teaching, but have neglected a holistic approach to improve their overall health conditions.
Methods:Cross sectional study was done in Mysore city among 320 Secondary school teachers aged 20 years and above, with at least one year of teaching experience. A self-administered, pretested and structured questionnaire based on the WHO steps approach for NCD, Gurmeet Singh’s Presumptive Stressful Life Events Scale (PSLES) for stress, PHQ 9 for depression and GHQ28 for general mental health status.
Results: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 115 (38.3%). 30.6% had mild to moderate depression and only 2.3% had severe depression. 141 (47.0%) had moderate stress and only 42 (14%) had severe stress. The prevalence of minor psychiatric disorders (MPD) was 66 (22%). The mental health status did not have any statistically significant effect on the occurrence of MS or its risk factors.
Conclusions:The poor mental health status was significantly associated with high fasting blood glucose levels, moderate to severe depression was significantly high among females and stress was associated with diastolic blood pressure, TGs and dyslipidemia.
Metrics
References
Chatterjee R, Arora M. Life events and psychiatric disorders. Mental health reviews. Available at Http://Www.Psyplexus.Com/Mhr/.Html>. Accessed on 08/09/2012.
Alberti G, Zimmet P. Workshop of the IDF Task Force on epidemiology and prevention. International Diabetes Federation consensus worldwide definition of the metabolic syndrome. 2006;1-12.
Sawant A, Mankeshwar R, Shah S, Raghavan R, Dhongde G, Raje H et al. Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in urban India. Cholesterol. 2011;1-7.
Brunner EJ, Hemingway H, Walker BR, Page M, Clarke P, Juneja MJ et al. Adrenocortical autonomic and inflammatory causes of the metabolic syndrome: nested case control study. Circulation. 2002;106:2659-65.
Cornier M, Dabelea D, Hernandez TL, Lindstrom RC. The metabolic syndrome. Endocrine Reviews. 2008;29(7):777-822.
Hartley TA, Knox SS, Fekedulegn D, Barbosa-Leiker C, Violanti JM, Michael E. Association between depressive symptoms and metabolic syndrome in police officers: results from two cross-sectional studies. J Environment Pub Health. 2012;2012:1-9.
Vogelzangs N, Kristen S, Ferrucci L, Simonsick EM, Ble A, Schrager M, et al. Hypercholestermic depression- is associated with the metabolic syndrome in late-life. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2007;32(2):151-9.
Deepa M, Farooq S, Datta M, Deepa R, Mohan V. Prevalence of metabolic syndrome using WHO, ATPIII and IDF definition in Asian Indians: the Chennai Urban Rural Epidemiology Study (CURES 34). Diabetes metabolism research and review. 2007;23(2):127-34.
Chandola T, Burnner E, Marmot M. Chronic stress at work and the metabolic syndrome: prospective study. BMJ. 2006;32(7540):521-5
Antti JP, Katri R, Tiinamaija T, Eriksson JG, Leif G, Isomaa Bo. Stressful life events and metabolic syndrome. the prevalence, prediction and prevention of diabetes (PPP)- botnia study. Diabetes Care. 2010;33:378-84.
Nagai M, Tsuchiya KJ, Toulopoulou T, Takei N. Poor mental health associated with job dissatisfaction among school teachers in Japan. J Occup Health. 2007;49:515-22.
Claro S, Bedragal P. Mental health status of teachers in 12 schools of Puente Alto, Santiagio, Chile. Rev Med Chil. 2003;131(2):159-67.
Samad NIA, Hashim Z, Moin S, Abdullah H. Assessment of stress and its risk factors among primary school teachers in the Klang Valley, Malaysia. Glob J Health Sci. 2010;2(2):163-71.
Desai A, Tandon N. Challenges in prevention and management of diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome in India. Curr Sci. 2009;97:356-66.
World Health Organization. WHO STEPS surveillance manual: The WHO STEP wise approach to chronic disease risk factor surveillance. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2005.
Martin A, Rief W, Klaiberg K, Braehler B. Validity of the brief patient health questionnaire mood scale (PHQ-9) in the general population. Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 2006;28(1):71-7.
Instruction manual instructions for Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and GAD-7 measures. Pifffzer. 2007.
Sengupta P, Benjamin AI. Psychosocial factors in migrant population study. Health and Population-Perspectives and Issues. 2004;27(1):17-28.
Goldberg DP, Gater R, Sartorius N, Ustun TB, Piccinelli M, Gureje O et al. The validity of two versions of the GHQ in the WHO study of mental illness in general health care. Psychol Med. 1997;27:191-7.
Goldberg DP, Williams P. Manual of the general health questionnaire. Windsor, England: NFER Publishing; 1978.
Vaccarino V, McClure C, Johnson BD, Sheps DS, Bittner V, Rutledge T et al. Depression, the metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular risk. Psychosom Med. 2008;(70):40-8.
Mezuk B, William W, Albrecht S, Golden SH. Depression and type 2 diabetes over the lifespan. Diabetes Care. 2008;31(12):2383-90.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
