Systematic screening of pulmonary tuberculosis among HIV high risk groups in two districts of Chhattisgarh: a feasibility study

Authors

  • Ashish Kumar Sinha Department of Community Medicine, Pt. JNM Medical College, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
  • Sumeet Tripathi Department of Physiology, Pt. JNM Medical College, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
  • Kshitij Khaparde World Health Organization, Country Office for India, New Delhi, India
  • Avinash Chaturvedi District Tuberculosis Office, Government of Chhattisgarh, Chhattisgarh, India
  • Swapnil Vasant Shinkar Department of Community Medicine, Pt. JNM Medical College, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20213014

Keywords:

HIV, High risk group, Systematic screening, Pulmonary TB, GeneXpert®MTB/RIF, ICF

Abstract

Background: HIV is an important risk factor for the development of tuberculosis. People living with HIV are 21-34 times more likely to develop TB than their uninfected counterparts. Efficient approach for detecting more cases along with shortened duration of infectivity involves a systematic screening of pulmonary TB in settings where high risk groups are concentrated even before the diagnosis HIV infection. Lack of proper screening strategy for HRGs might result in their exclusion from timely intervention which may prove lethal without treatment.

Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out in two districts of Chhattisgarh during September-December 2019.Training cum sensitization sessions were conducted for peer educators, outreach workers, counselors and project managers prior to the survey and were trained for systematic screening of pulmonary TB, sputum collection and transportation to GeneXpert®MTB/RIF lab and other relevant data collection for pulmonary TB diagnosis.

Results: A total of 3963 HRGs were intended to be included in the study, 3418 were screened with 86.2% compliance rate. Out of all HRGs screened (3418), 81 (2.4%) were found presumptive pulmonary TB, of them 2 (0.05%) were microbiologically confirmed, 5 cases were found with incomplete treatment (all were IDUs). Prevalence of tobacco use, alcohol use, diabetes and hypertension were observed in 5.3% and 7.2%, 1.2% and 1.1 respectively.

Conclusions: Although yield for pulmonary TB in this study was not much, the study has demonstrated that active case finding for accessing such a hidden population through existing manpower can assure better acceptability and feasibility in resource poor settings.

 

Author Biography

Ashish Kumar Sinha, Department of Community Medicine, Pt. JNM Medical College, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India

Community Medicine

References

WHO. Global tuberculosis control: WHO report, 2011. Available at: https://apps.who.int/iris/handle10665447. Accessed on 10 May 2021.

The Gobal Fund. The Global Fund to Fight AIDS, TB and Malaria (GFATM): Collaborative TB/HIV activities information Note, 2012. Available at: https://www.theglobalfund.org/en/. Accessed on 10 May 2021.

WHO. Global Tuberculosis, 2017. Available at: https://www.who.int/tb/publications/global_report/gtbr2017_main_text. Accessed on 10 May 2021.

Centre Tuberculosis Division, GOI. Nikshay,2021. Available at: https://tbcindia.gov.in/. Accessed on 10 May 2021.

Brassard P, Bruneau J, Schwartzman K, Senecal M, Menzies D. Yield of tuberculin screening among injection drug users. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2004;8(8):988-93.

Chiang SS, Paulus JK, Huang CC, Newby PK, Castellon QD, Boynton JR, et al. Tuberculosis screening among Bolivian sex workers and their children. J Epidemiol Glob Health. 2015;5(2):205-10.

Nyangulu DS, Harries AD, Kangombe C, Yadidi AE, Chokani K, Cullinan T, et al. Tuberculosis in a prison population in Malawi. Lancet. 1997;350(9087):1284-7.

Kiria N, Gegia M, Kalandadze I. Tuberculosis screening among intravenous drug users (IDU) in Georgia; European Respirat J. 2011;38:4898.

Story A, Murad S, Roberts W, Verheyen M, Hayward AC, London Tuberculosis Nurses Network. Tuberculosis in London: the importance of homelessness, problem drug use and prison. Thorax. 2007;62(8):667-71.

Lonnroth K, Williams BG, Stadlin S, Jaramillo E, Dye C. Alcohol use as a risk factor for tuberculosis - a systematic review. BMC Public Health. 2008;8:289.

Bates MN, Khalakdina A, Pai M, Chang L, Lessa F, Smith KR. Risk of tuberculosis from exposure to tobacco smoke: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Arch Intern Med. 2007;167(4):335-42.

WHO. Guideline: Nutritional care and support for patients with tuberculosis, 2013. Available at: pps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/94836/9789241506410_eng.pdf?sequence=1. Accessed on 10 May 2021.

Ji Y, Cao H, Liu Q, Li Z, Song H, Xu D, et al. Screening for pulmonary tuberculosis in high-risk groups of diabetic patients. Int J Infect Dis. 2020;93:84-9.

Downloads

Published

2021-07-27

How to Cite

Sinha, A. K., Tripathi, S., Khaparde, K., Chaturvedi, A., & Shinkar, S. V. (2021). Systematic screening of pulmonary tuberculosis among HIV high risk groups in two districts of Chhattisgarh: a feasibility study. International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health, 8(8), 3864–3870. https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20213014

Issue

Section

Original Research Articles