Correlation between fine needle aspiration cytology and histopathological examination in thyroid swellings-a pilot study

Sanjay V. Gupta; Manish Munjal; Devyani Gupta; Siddharth Gupta; Shubham Munjal; Ishita Gupta Kashal; Hemant Chopra

doi:10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20204733

Authors

Sanjay V. Gupta Department of ENT, Dayanand medical college Ludhiana, Punjab, India
Manish Munjal Department of ENT, Dayanand medical college Ludhiana, Punjab, India
Devyani Gupta Department of Microbiology, Dayanand medical college Ludhiana, Punjab, India
Siddharth Gupta Department of ENT, Dayanand medical college Ludhiana, Punjab, India
Shubham Munjal Department of Anatomy, Dayanand medical college Ludhiana, Punjab, India
Ishita Gupta Kashal Department of ENT, Dayanand medical college Ludhiana, Punjab, India
Hemant Chopra Department of ENT, Dayanand medical college Ludhiana, Punjab, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20204733

Keywords:

Thyroid nodule, FNAC, Histopathology

Abstract

Background: Thyroid swellings are an enigma that necessitates either, a partial thyroidectomy and a tissue diagnosis to be followed by completion surgery or straightaway a radical intervention. A preoperative presumptive diagnosis of a thyroid swelling, solitary or otherwise is correlated with the post-surgical histopathological finding in the present study.

Methods: 30 patients of thyroid nodules were selected from the head-neck tumour clinic of Dayanand medical college hospital, Ludhiana. Pre-operative fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) was performed and subjects taken for thyroidectomy, partial or total as the case maybe.

Results: There were 20 (66.6%) females in the age group 25-65 years and 10 males (33.3%) 19-50 years with thyroid nodules. 86.6%, 26 patients were of follicular adenoma, 10% 3 patients of papillary carcinoma and 3.33% 1 patient of follicular carcinoma. No case in this study was reported as medullary carcinoma. In the cytological diagnosis of follicular neoplasm in 5 cases, 3 were diagnosed as thyroid adenoma, 2 were finally found to be papillary carcinoma. Overall sensitivity of fine needle aspiration was 40%. There was 84.6% agreement in follicular adenoma; 33% in papillary carcinoma and 100% in follicular carcinoma, and overall accuracy was 85.7%.

Conclusion: FNAC is an ideal preoperative investigative modality in thyroid swellings with overall accuracy of 85 % and can differentiate preoperatively a benign from a malignant thyromegaly; and thereby plan extent of surgery, with or without a neck dissection, Maximum cases of follicular adenoma could be easily diagnosed with this aspiration modality.

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