Reducing stunting among less than five years children in Nagaland, India: a lives saved tool projection from 2018-2025

Authors

  • Lincoln Priyadarshi Choudhury Independent Researcher, New Delhi

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20195077

Keywords:

Lives saved tool, Nutrition, India, Policy

Abstract

Background: Malnutrition is one of the key public health challenges for the state of Nagaland, India. In the backdrop of the global call for a reduction in malnutrition, this paper explores the feasibility of the state reaching the global targets reducing stunting among less than six years age children by 2025.

Methods: Data from Census, National Family Health Survey were primarily used. Based on published literature, ten interventions that influence stunting were selected. The lives saved tool module of Spectrum software was used for analysis. This paper examined the effect of above interventions on stunting among zero to five-year old children. Three different scenarios with different coverage combinations were created for the years 2012 to 2025 and compared with global targets.

Results: The analysis found that in none of the three scenarios the state will be achieving the global target. The projected stunting levels in 2025 will vary between 3-21% increase from the baseline figures in 2012. Though with increased coverage, the increasing trend of stunting could be reversed by 2025. Reaching the global target of 40% reduction in stunting by 2015 from the 2012 levels may take more time than the year 2025.

Conclusions: Long-term programs with specific targets and processes need to be developed to address malnutrition. The scale of interventions, translation of behaviour change interventions at the household level and addition of new elements to an integrated program may achieve a better result.

References

Office of Registrar General and census Commissioner. Census of India: C-13 single year age returns by residence and sex. Available at: http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-series /C-13.html. Accessed on 5 March 2019.

National Family Health Survey (NFHS-3): Deonar, Mumbai: International Institute for Population Sciences and Macro International; 2007: 1.

District Level Household and Facility Survey-4 State fact sheet. Nagaland: International Institute for Population Sciences; 2012.

Indian Council of Medical Research Public Health Foundation of India and Institute for Health metrics and Evaluation. India: Health of the Nation’s States, The Indian State-Level Disease Burden Initiative; 2017.

UHC 2030 International Health Partnership. Healthy systems for universal health coverage -a joint vision for healthy lives. Int Heal Partnersh. 2017:1-28. Available at: https://www.uhc2030.org/fileadmin/ uploads/uhc2030/Documents/About_UHC2030/mgt_arrangemts___docs/UHC2030_Official_documents/UHC2030_vision_paper_WEB2.pdf. Accessed on Accessed on 7 April 2019.

Ministry of Health and Family Welfare Government of India. National Family Health Survey - 4 State Fact Sheet Nagaland. India; 2015.

Directorate of Food and Civil Supplies, Nagaland. Annual Administrative report. Available at: http://fcsnagaland.gov.in/AnnualAdminReport.html. Accessed on 7 April 2019.

Development M of W and child. Integrated child development services (ICDS) scheme. Available at: http://icds-wcd.nic.in/icds/icds.aspx. Accessed on 17 January 2019.

Ministry of Health and Family Welfare G of I. Nagaland, India: National Family Health Survey (NFHS-4) 2015-16; 2015.

Press Informaton Bureau. PM launches National Nutrition Mission, and pan India expansion of Beti Bachao Beti Padhao, at Jhunjhunu in Rajasthan. Available at: http://pib.nic.in/newsite/PrintRelease. aspx?relid=177166. Published 2018. Accessed on 7 April 2019.

National Health Mission M of H and FW. WIFS- Governnment of India. Available at: http://nhm. gov.in/nrhmcomponnets/reproductive-child-health /adolescent-health/wifs.html. Accessed on 22 February 2019.

Bureau P information. Cabinet approves continuation and Restructuring of National Rural Drinking Water Programme. Press release. Available at: http://pib.nic.in/newsite/PrintRelease .aspx?relid=173383. Published 2017. Accessed on 9 November 2018.

Swatchh Bharat Mission Government of India. Swachh Bharat Mission (Gramin). Available at: https://sbm.gov.in/sbmdashboard/. Accessed on 9 November 2018.

UNICEF. Eliminate Open Defecation, UNICEF. Available at: http://unicef.in/Whatwedo/11/Elimi nate-Open-Defecation. Accessed on 9 November 2018.

Bhutta ZA, Das JK, Rizvi A, Gaffey MF, Walker N, Horton S, et al. Evidence-based interventions for improvement of maternal and child nutrition: What can be done and at what cost?. Lancet. 2013;382(9890):452-77.

Johns Hopkins School of Public Health. The Lives Saved Tool. Available at: http://www.livessaved tool.org/. Accessed on 7 April 2019.

Ayyanat JA, Harbour C, Kumar S, Singh M. LiST modelling with monitoring data to estimate impact on child mortality of an ORS and zinc programme with public sector providers in Bihar, India. BMC Public Health. 2018;18(1):103.

Johri M, Verguet S, Morris SK, Sharma JK, Ram U, Gauvreau C, et al. Adding interventions to mass measles vaccinations in India. Bull World Health Organ. 2016;94(10):718-27.

National Institute of Medical Statistics and National AIDS Control Organisation. New Delhi, India: Technical Report India: HIV Estimates-2012; 2012.

National AIDS Control Organisation and National Institute of Medical Statistics. India: HIV Estimations 2015; 2015.

National AIDS Control Organisation. Key Findings and Recommendations. India; 2016. Available at: http://naco.gov.in/sites/default/files/MTA of NACP IV_Key Recommendations_JS_04 Aug 16.pdf. Accessed on 7 January 2019.

Department of Health and Family welfare, Nagaland SACS. Available at: http://nagahealth.nic.in /programmmes-Nsacs.htm. Accessed on 7 January 2019.

Goudet SM, Griffiths PL, Bogin BA, Madise NJ. Nutritional interventions for preventing stunting in children (0 to 5 years) living in urban slums. Cochrane Libr. 2015;(5):CD011695.

The World Bank. Improving Nutrition through Multisectoral Approaches; 2013. Available at: http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2013/01/17211210/improving-nutrition-through-multis ectoral-approaches. Accessed on 7 January 2019.

Meerman J, Aphane J. Impact of High Food Prices on Nutrition. FAO Nutrition; 2012.

Ministry of Women and Child Development. Supplementary Nutrition Programme. Available at: http://pib.nic.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=104046. Accessed on 21 February 2019.

Ministry of Women and Child Development. Scheme for Adolescent Girls (SAG). Available at: http://wcd.nic.in/schemes/scheme-adolescent-girls-sag. Accessed on 22 February 2019.

Hunter P, MacDonald A, Carter R. Water supply and health S1. Plos Med. 2010;51(11):1-5.

The World Health Oranisation. Unsafe water and sanitation as deadly to acute malnourished children as lack of food. Available at: http://www.who .int/health-cluster/news-and-events/news/Global-WASH-Cluster-malnutrition.pdf. Accessed on 23 February 2019.

Ramji S. Impact of infant and young child feeding and caring practices on nutritional status and health. Indian J Med Res. 2009;130(5):624-6.

Ministry of Women and Child Development. Review of Supplementary Nutrition Programme. Available at: http://pib.nic.in/newsite/PrintRelease .aspx?relid=93733. Accessed on 21 February 2019.

Reserve Bank of India. Number and Percentage of Population below poverty line. Available at: https://www.rbi.org.in/scripts/PublicationsView.aspx?id=16603. Published 2015. Accessed on 23 February 2019.

Kanjilal B, Mazumdar PG, Mukherjee M, Rahman MH. Nutritional status of children in India: household socio- economic condition as the contextual determinant. Int J Equity Health. 2010 11;9:19.

Ramachandran P. Food and nutrition security: challenges in the new millennium. Indian J Med Res. 2013;138(3):373-82.

Hoddinott J, Ahmed A, Karachiwalla NI, Roy S. Nutrition behaviour change communication causes sustained effects on IYCN knowledge in two cluster-randomised trials in Bangladesh. Matern Child Nutr. 2018;14(1):1-10.

Dreibelbis R, Kroeger A, Hossain K, Venkatesh M, Ram PK. Behavior change without behavior change communication: Nudging handwashing among primary school students in Bangladesh. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2016;13(1):7-9.

Downloads

Published

2019-10-24

How to Cite

Choudhury, L. P. (2019). Reducing stunting among less than five years children in Nagaland, India: a lives saved tool projection from 2018-2025. International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health, 6(11), 4901–4906. https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20195077

Issue

Section

Original Research Articles