Effect of co-occurrence of overweight/obesity and psychosocial stress dimensions on risk factors for cardiovascular disease among construction workers

Christopher E. Ekpenyong; Koofreh Davies

doi:10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20162044

Authors

Christopher E. Ekpenyong Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Uyo, Nigeria
Koofreh Davies Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Uyo, Nigeria

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20162044

Keywords:

Psychosocial, Adiposity, Cardiac risk, Work environment, Workers

Abstract

Background: Many studies indicate that overweight/obesity and negative psychosocial states are independently associated with increased odds for cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. However, the effect of the co-occurrence of these factors on CVD risk markers has not been adequately investigated, which was the focus of this study.

Methods: The effect of overweight/obesity and psychosocial stress on CVD risk markers was cross-sectionally assessed via questionnaires and on-site physical examination at the construction companies’ site clinics and retained hospital. Overweight/obesity was ascertained using anthropometric indices and according to World Health Organization classification. Psychosocial work status was evaluated using a job content questionnaire. The association between overweight/obesity and psychosocial stressors and CVD risk markers was evaluated using multiple regression models when they occurred alone, and adjusted for sociodemographic factors when they co-occurred.

Results: High social demand conferred 1.85, 2.38, 1.72, and 1.05 odds for hypertension, smoking, alcohol intake, and diabetes mellitus, respectively, in normal weight participants and 2.50, 4.01, 2.64, and 2.81 in obese participants. Likewise, low decision latitude and low social support conferred greater odds for CVD risk markers in overweight/obese versus normal weight participants.

Conclusions: Overweight/obesity and psychosocial stressors increased the odds for CVD risk markers when they occurred alone, but conferred greater odds for CVD risk markers when they co-occurred, after controlling for the effect of potential confounders. In addition to psychosocial stressors, interventions at work sites to improve workers’ cardiovascular health should include other traditional CVD risk factors, such as overweight/obesity, to achieve complete success.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

References

Imeb EO, Anosike MN, Azub DE, Mosaku TO. Work stress among professionals in the building construction industry in Nigeria. Australasian Journal of Construction Economics and Building. 2011;11(3):45-57.

Rosengren A, Teo K, Rangarajan S, Kabali C, Khumalo I, Kutty VR, et al. Psychosocial factors and obesity in 17 high, middle-prospective. Urban Rural Epidemiologic Study: Int J of Obesity. 2015;39:1217-23.

Seidler A, Thinschmidt M, Deckert S, Then F, Hegewald J, Nieuwenhuijisen K, et al. The role of psychosocial working condition on burnout and its core component emotional exhaustion-a systemic review. Journal of occupational medicine and toxicology. 2014. DOI: 10.1186/1745-6673-9-10.

Fontaine KR, Barofsky I. Obesity and Health related quality of life. Obes Res. 2001;2:(3)173-82.

Hannerz H, Albertsen K, Nielsen ML Tuchen F, Burr H. Occupation factors and 5 years weight change among men in a Danish national cohort. Health psycho. 2004;23:283-8.

Shield M. long working hours and health. Health Rep. 1999;11:33-48.

Niedhammer I, Goldberg M, Leclerc A, David S, Bugel I, Landre M-F. Psychosocial work environment and cardiovascular risk factors in an occupational cohort in France. J Epidemiol Commun Helath. 1998;52:93-100.

Laitinen J, EKE, Sovio U. Stress-related eating and drinking behavior and body mass index and predictors of this behavior. Prev Med. 2001;34:29-39.

Fontaine KR, Bartlett SJ, Barofsky I. Health-related quality of life among obese persons seeking and not currently seeking treatment. International Journal of Eating Disorders. 2000;27:101-5.

Claessen H, Amdt V, Drath C, Brenner H. Overweight, obesity and risk of work disability: a cohort study of construction workers in Germany. Occupational and environmental medicine. 2009;66:(6):9.

Rozanski A, Blumenthal JA, Davidson KW, Saab PG, Kubzansky L. The epidemiology, pathphysiology, and management of psychosocial risk factors in cardiac practice: the emerging field of behavioral cardiology. J AM Coll Cardiol. 2005;45(5):637-51.

Tsutsumi A, Kayaba K, Yoshimura M, Sawada M, Ishikawa S, Sakai K, et al. Medical School Cohort Study Group: Association between job characteristics and health behavior in Japanese rural workers. International Journal of Behavioral Medicine. 1998;125-42.

Lallukka T, Sarlio-Lahteerkorva S, Roos E, Caaksonen M, Rahkonen O, Lahelma E. Working conditions and health among employed women and men: the Helsiniki Health Study. Prev Med. 2004;38:48.

Catalina-Romero C, Calvo E, Sânchez-chaparro MA, Valdivielso P, Sainz JC, Cabrera M et al. The relationship between Job stress and Health. 2013;41(2):142-9.

Sanghen V, Razzoli M, Carobbio S, Campbell M, Mccallum J, Cero C et al. Psychosocial stress indices hyperphasia and exacerbates diet-induced insulin resistance and the manifestations of the metabolic syndrome. Psycho neuro endocrinology 2013;38:(12);2933-42.

Kawakami N, Araki S, Hayashi T, Masumoto T. Relationship between perceived Job-Stress and Glyco sylated Hemoglobin in White-collar workers. Industrial Health. 1989:27(4);149-54.

Su CT. Association between job strain status and cardiovascular risk in a population of Taiwanese white-collar workers. J. Cire J. 2001;65:509-13.

Wardle J, Steptoe A, Oliver G, Lipsey Z. Stress, dietary restraint and food intake. J Psychosom Res. 2000;48:195-202.

Thurston RC, Kubzansky LD. Multiple sources of psychosocial disadvantage and risk of coronary heart disease. Psychosomatic Medicine. 2007;69(8):748-55.

Ekpenyong CE, Davies K, Antai EE. Cymbopogon citrates stapf (DC) extract ameliorates atherogenic cardiovascular risk in Diabetes-induced dyslipidemia in rats. British Journal of Medicine and Medical Research. 2014;4(28):4695-709.

Johnson JV, Hall EM, Therorell T. Combined effect of Job strain and social isolation on cardiovascular disease morbidity and mortality in a random sample of the Swedish male working population. Sc and J Work Environ Health. 1989;15:271-9.

Karasek R, Theorell T. Health work stress, productivity and reconstruction of working life. New York, Basic Books, 1990.

Chobanian AV, Bakris GL, Black HR, Cushman WC, Green LA, 1220 Jr JL, Jones DW, et al. The seventh report of the national committee on prevention detection, evolution, and treatment of high blood pressure: the JNC 7 report. JAMA. 2003;289:2560-72.

Teramoto T, Sasaki J, Ueshima H, Egusa G, Kinoshita M, Shimamoto K, et al. Diagnostic criteria for Dyslipidemia. Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis. 2007;14(4):155-8.

Ghost A, Ghost T. Modification of Kuppuswamy’s socio-economic status scale in context to Nepal. Indian J. Pediatr. 2009;46:1104-5.

Ekpenyong CE, Etukumana EA. Ethnicity, family socio-economic inequalities, and prevalence of vaginal Douching among college students. The implication for health. Journal of American College Health. 2013;61(4):222-30.

Heraclides AM, Chandola T, Witte DR, Brunner EJ. Work Stress, Obesity and the Risk of Type 2 diabetes: gender-specific bidirectional effect in the Whitehall 11 study. Epidemiology. 2012;20(2):428-33.

Thurstone RC, Kubzansky LD. Multiple sources of psychosocial disadvantage and risk of coronary heart disease. Psychosomatic Medicine. 2007;69:748-55.

Karasek R. Brisson C, Kawakami N, Houtman I, Bongers P, Amick B. The job content questionnaire (JCQ): an instrument for internationally comparative assessment of psychosocial job characteristics. J Occup Health Psychol. 1998:3(4):322-55.

Rozanski A, Blumenthal JA, Kaplan J. Impact of psychosocial factors on the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease and implications for therapy. Circulation. 1999;99(16):2192-217.

Heraclides A, Chandola T, Witte DR, Brunner EJ. Psychosocial stress at work doubles the risk of type 2 diabetes in middle-aged women. Diabetes care. 2009;32(12);2230-5.

Ostry AS, Radi S, Louie AM, LaMontagne AD. Psychosocial and other working conditions in relation to body mass index in a representative sample of Australian workers. BMC Public Health 2006;6:53. dio.10.1186/1471-2458-6-53.

Smith PM, Glazier RH, Lu H, Mustard CA. The psychosocial work environment and incident diabetes in Ontario Canada. Occupational Medicine. 2012;2(62):413-9.

Heraclides A, Chandola T, Witte DR, Brunner EJ. Psychosocial stress at work doubles the risk of type 2 diabetes in middle-aged women: Evidence from the Whitehall II study. Diabetes Care. 2009;32(12): 2230-5.

Murphy NF, Maclntyre K, Stewart S, Hart CL, Hole D, McMurray JJV. Long term cardiovascular consequence of obesity 20 years follow-up of more than 1500 middle-aged men and women (the Renfrew-Paisly study). Eur Heart J. 2006;27(1):96-106.

Gelber RP, Kurth T, Manson JF, Gaziano JM. Body mass index and mortality in man: evaluating the shape of the association. Int J Obes. 2007;31(8):1240-7.

Kouvonen A, Kivimäki M, Virtanen M, Pentti J, Vahtera J. Work stress, smoking status and smoking intensity: an observational study of 46190 employees. J Epidemiol community Health. 2005;59:63-9.

Kouvonen A, Kivimaki M, COX SJ, Cox T, Vahtera J. Relationship between work stress and body mass index among 45, 810 female and male employees. Psychosom Med. 2005;67:577-83.

Head J, Stanfeld SA, Siegrist J. The psychosocial work environment and alcohol dependence: a prospective study. Occup. Environ Med. 2004;61:219-44.

Kouvonen A, Kivimäki M, Virtanen M, Heponiemi T, Elovaino M, Pentti J, et al. Effort-reward imbalance at work and the co-occurrence of lifestyle risk factors: cross-sectional survey in a sample of 36,127 public sector employees MBC public health 2006;6:24. dio:10.1186/1471-2458-6-24.