Prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and its risk factors in patients referred to Ardabil city hospital during 2015-2016
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20180747Keywords:
Non-alcoholic fatty liver, Risk factor, ArdabilAbstract
Background: Fatty liver is the most common liver disease worldwide, and the number of people with this disease is increasing in the world and in Iran. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and its risk factors in patients referred to Ardabil city hospital during 2015-2016.
Methods: This is a cross-sectional descriptive study which was done on 80 patients with fatty liver Referred to Ardabil city Hospital dueing 2015-2016. Required information including age, gender, degree of fatty liver, body mass index, serum lipids, liver aminotransferases, serum uric acid, and diabetes mellitus were collected by a cheklist and then analyzed by statistical methods in SPSS.19.
Results: 40% of the patients were males and 60% were females. The mean age of the patients was 49.22 ± 14.58 years. 81.2% of the patients were overweight or had some degree of obesity. ALT in 38.5%, AST in 32.5%, ALP in 13.75%, and bilirubin in 21.25% of patients were above their normal range. Total cholesterol in 35%, triglyceride in 50%, and LDL in 17.5% of patients were higher than normal range, and HDL was lower than normal range in 41.2% of patients. 21.25% of patients had hyperuricemia and 38.8% had diabetes.
Conclusions: The results showed that non-alcoholic fatty liver is more prevalent in females and older ages. Doing multi-center studies was recommended in Ardabil province or other provinces in Iran in future.
Metrics
References
Tirosh, O. Liver Metabolism and Fatty Liver Disease. CRC Press: 2014
Brunt E, Tiniakos D. Alcoholic and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Pathology of the GI Tract, liver, biliary tract and pancreas Philadelphia: Saunders; 2009: 1087-1114.
Adams LA, Lymp JF, Sauver JS, Sanderson SO, Lindor KD, Feldstein A. The natural history of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a population-based cohort study. Gastroenterol. 2005;129(1):113-21.
Bellentani S, Scaglioni F, Marino M, Bedogni G. Epidemiology of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Digestive diseases. 2010;28(1):155-61.
Jamali R, Khonsari M, Merat S, Khoshnia M, Jafari E, Kalhori B. Persistent alanine aminotransferase elevation among the general Iranian population: prevalence and causes. World J Gastroenterol. 2008;14(18):2867-71.
Cohen JC, Horton JD, Hobbs HH. Human fatty liver disease: old questions and new insights. Science. 2011;332(6037):1519-23.
Dowman JK, Tomlinson JW, Newsome PN. Pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. QJM. 2010;103(2):71-83.
Xu C, Yu C, Xu L, Miao M, Li Y. High serum uric acid increases the risk for nonalcoholic Fatty liver disease: a prospective observational study. PloS one. 2010;5(7):e11578.
Bacon B.R, Farahvash M.J, Janney C.G, Neuschwander-Tetri B.A. Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: an expanded clinical entity. Gastroenterol. 1994;107(4):1103-9.
Sertoglu E, Ercin CN, Celebi G, Gurel H, Kayadibi H, Genc H, et al. The relationship of serum uric acid with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Clinical Biochem. 2014;47(6):383-8.
Souza MRDA, Diniz MDFFD, Medeiros-Filho JEMD, Araújo MSTD. Metabolic syndrome and risk factors for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Arquivos de gastroenterologia. 2012;49(1):89-96.
Shima T, Seki K, Umemura A. Influence of lifestyle-related diseases and age on the development and progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Hepatol Res. 2015;45:548–59.
Brea A, Puzo J. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and cardiovascular risk. Int J Cardiol. 2013;167:1109–17.
Frith J, Day CP, Henderson E. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in older people. Gerontol. 2009;55:607–13.
Attar BM, Van Thiel DH. Current concepts and management approaches in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. ScientificWorld J. 2013;2013:481893.
Hashimoto E, Yatsuji S, Kaneda H.The characteristics and natural history of Japanese patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Hepatol Res. 2005;33:72–6.
Stepanova M, Rafiq N, Makhlouf H. Predictors of all-cause mortality and liver-related mortality in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Dig Dis Sci. 2013;58:3017–23.
Ayonrinde OT, Olynyk JK, Beilin LJ. Gender-specific differences in adipose distribution and adipocytokines influence adolescent nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Hepatol. 2011;53:800–9.
Vernon G, Baranova A, Younossi ZM. Systematic Frequency and outcomes of liver transplantation for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in the United States review: the epidemiology and natural history of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in adults. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2011;34:274–85.
Than NN, Newsome PN. A concise review of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Atherosclerosis. 2015;239:192–202.
Fung J, Lee CK, Chan M. High prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in the Chinese: results from the Hong Kong liver health census. Liver Int. 2015; 35:542–9.
Mishra A, Younossi ZM. Epidemiology and natural history of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. J Clin Exp Hepatol. 2012;2:135–44.
Zhen-Ya Lu, Zhou Shao, Ya-Li Li, Muhuyati Wulasihan, Xin-Hua Chen. Prevalence of and risk factors for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in a Chinese population: An 8-year follow-up study. World J Gastroenterol. 2016;22(13):3663-9.
Chalasani N, Younossi Z, Lavine JE, Diehl AM, Brunt EM, Cusi K, et al. The diagnosis and management of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: practice guideline by the American Gastroenterological Association, American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases, and American College of Gastroenterology. Gastroenterol. 2012;142:1592-609.
Kim HK, Park JY, Lee KU, Lee GE, Jeon SH, Kim JH, et al. Effect of body weight and lifestyle changes on long-term course of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in Koreans. Am J Med Sci. 2009;337:98-102.
Wong VW, Wong GL, Choi PC, Chan AW, Li MK, Chan HY, et al. Disease progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a prospective study with paired liver biopsies at 3 years. Gut. 2010;59:969-74.
Xu C, Yu C, Ma H, Xu L, Miao M, Li Y. Prevalence and risk factors for the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in a nonobese Chinese population: the Zhejiang Zhenhai Study. Am J Gastroenterol. 2013;108:1299-304.
Nishioji K, Sumida Y, Kamaguchi M, Mochizuki N, Kobayashi M, Nishimura T, et al. Prevalence of and risk factors for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in a non-obese Japanese population, 2011-2012. J Gastroenterol. 2015;50:95-108.
Sattar N, Forrest E, Preiss D. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. BMJ. 2014;349:4596
Zeng MD, Fan JG, Lu LG, Li YM, Chen CW, Wang BY, et al. Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases. J Dig Dis. 2008;9:108-12 .
Weiß J, Rau M, Geier A. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: epidemiology, clinical course, investigation, and treatment. Dtsch Arztebl Int. 2014;111:447-52.
Xie Y, Wang M, Zhang Y, Zhang S, Tan A, Gao Y, et al. Serum uric acid and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in non-diabetic Chinese men. PLoS One. 2013;8:e67152.
Firneisz G. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus: the liver disease of our age? World J Gastroenterol. 2014;20:9072–89.
Leite NC, Villela-Nogueira CA, Cardoso CR. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and diabetes: from physiopathological interplay to diagnosis and treatment. World J Gastroenterol. 2014;20:8377–92.
Younossi ZM, Stepanova M, Afendy M. Changes in the prevalence of the most common causes of chronic liver diseases in the United States from 1988 to 2008. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2011;9:524–30-1.