Risk assessment of type 2 diabetes mellitus among fisherman community in Beypore area of Kozhikode

Anirudh V. Mutalik; Shankar Bapu Bhosale; Anant T. Pawar

doi:10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20173629

Authors

Anirudh V. Mutalik Department of Community Medicine, KMCT Medical College, Manaserry, Calicut, Kerala, India
Shankar Bapu Bhosale Department of Community Medicine, Prakash Institute of Medical Sciences, Islampur, Maharashtra, India
Anant T. Pawar Department of Community Medicine, KMCT Medical College, Manaserry, Calicut, Kerala, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20173629

Keywords:

Type 2 diabetes mellitus, Hypertension, Fisherman

Abstract

Background: In the past decade it has become obvious that the prevalence of type 2 diabetes is increasing very rapidly. Unless necessary and appropriate action is taken, it is predicted that there will be at least 350 million people in the world with type 2 diabetes by the year 2030. The aim of the study was to assess the risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) among fisherman community in Beypore area of Kozhikode.The objectives of the study were to identify the total number of participants with abnormal random blood sugar among Beypore fisherman community of Calicut; to identify risk factors associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus patients among Beypore fisherman community of Calicut.

Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among fisherman colony of Beypore area, Calicut. All the eligible participants according to inclusion and exclusion criteria were included in the study. An pretested and piloted Finnish Diabetes questionnaire modified according to local settings was used to map the screened participants. As the first step, history and basic anthropometry measurements was taken. Then each participant underwent physical examination. Further random blood glucose was calculated using strip glucometric method. Once confirmed, the treatment for type 2 diabetes was started.

Results: Overall prevalence was found to be 29.23%. Prevalence of T2DM was significantly associated with age i.e. as age increases there is the risk of developing T2DM and p value was found to be significant.

Conclusions: Age, educational status, central obesity and addiction are major risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

Author Biography

Anirudh V. Mutalik, Department of Community Medicine, KMCT Medical College, Manaserry, Calicut, Kerala, India

Assistant Professor

References

World Health Organization. Definition, Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus and its Complications. Report of a WHO Consultation. Geneva: World Health Organization, 1999.

Unwin N, Shaw J, Zimmet P, Alberti G. International Diabetes Federation IGT/IFG Consen-sus Statement. Report of an Expert Consensus Workshop, Stoke Poges, UK, August 2001. Impaired glucose tolerance and impaired fasting glycaemia: the current status on definition and intervention. Diabetic Med 2002;19:708-23.

Wild S, Roglic G, Sicree R, Green A, King H. Global burden of diabetes mellitus in the year 2000. Global Burden of Disaese, Geneva: WHO, 2003.

King H, Rewers M. Global estimates for prevalence of diabetes mellitus and impaired glucose tolerance in adults. Diabetes Care. 1993;16:157-77.

Rosenbloom AL, Joe JR, Young RS, Winter WE. Emerging epidemic of type 2 diabetes in youth. Diabetes Care. 1999;22:345- 54.

Dabelea D, Hanson RL, Bennett PH, Roumain J, Knowler WC, Pettitt DJ. Increasing prevalence of type 2 diabetes in American Indian children. Dia-betologia. 1998;41:904-10.

Kitagawa T, Owada M, Urakami T, Yamauchi K. Increased incidence of non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus among Jap-anese school children correleates with an increased intake of animal protein and fat. Clin Paediatr. 1998;37:111-5.

Morrish NJ, Wang SL, Stevens LK, Fuller JH, Keen H. WHO Multinational Study Group. Mortality and causes of death in the WHO multinational study of vascular disease in diabetes. Diabetologia. 2001;44(2):14-21.

Bell DS. Stroke in the diabetic patient. Diabetes Care. 1994;17:213-9.

American Diabetes Association. Diabetic Nephropathy. Diabetes Care. 2002;25:85-9.

Siitonen OI, Niskanen LK, Laakso M, Siitonen JT, Pyörälä K. Lower-Extremity Amputations in Diabetic and Nondiabetic Patients. Diabetes Care. 1993;16:16.

Anonymous. From the Centres for Disease Control and Prevention. Blindness caused by dia-betes. J Am Med Assoc. 1996;276:1865-6.

Kuzuya T, Akanuma Y, Akazawa Y, Uehata T. Prevalence of chronic complications in Japa-nese diabetic patients. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 1994;24:159-64.

American Diabetes Association. Economic Consequences of Diabetes Mellitus in the U.S. in 1997. Diabetes Care. 1998;21:296-309.

International Diabetes Federation, World Health Organization. The Economics of Diabetes and Diabetes Care. Brussels: International Diabetes Federation, 1996.

Harris MI, Klein R, Welborn TA, Knuiman MW. Onset of NIDDM occurs at least 4-7 years before clinical diagnosis. Diabetes Care. 1992;15(7):815-25.

Thompson TJ, Engelgau MM, Hegazy M, Ali MA, Sous ES, Badran A, et al. The Onset of NIDDM and its Relationship to Clinical Diagnosis in Egyptian Adults. Diabetic Med.1996;13:337-40.

UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) Group. The UK Prospective Diabetes Study Dia-betic retinopathy at diagnosis of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and associated risk fac-tors. Arch Ophthalmol 1998;116:670-7.

King H, Aubert RE, Herman WH. Global burden of diabetes, 1995-2025. Diabetes Care 1998;21:1414-31.

Ohkubo Y, Kishikawa H, Araki E, Miyata T, Isami S, Motoyoshi S, et al. Intensive insulin therapy prevents the progession of diabetic microvascular complications in Japanese patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: a randomised prospective 6-year study. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 1995;28:103-17.

UKPDS Group. Intensive blood glucose control with sulphonylureas or insulin compared with conventional treatment and risk of complications in patients with type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 33). Lancet. 1998;352:837-53.

UK Prospective Diabetes Study Group. Tight blood pressure control and risk of macrovascu-lar complications in type 2 diabetes: UKPDS 38. BMJ. 1998;317:703-13.

Pyörälä K, Pedersen TR, Kjekshus J, Faergeman O, Olsson AG, Thorgeirsson G, et al. Cho-lesterol lowering with simvastatin improves prognosis of diabetic patients with coronary heart disease. Diabetes Care. 1997;20:614-20.

Goldberg RB, Mellies MJ, Sacks FM, Moye LA, Howard WJ, Davis BR, et al. Cardiovascular events and their reduction with pravastatin in diabetic and glucose-intolerant myocardial infarction survivors with average cholesterol levels. Subgroup analyses in the cholesterol and re-current events (CARE) trial. Circulation. 1998;98:2513-9.

Ramaiya KL, Swai AB, McLarty DG, Bhopal RS, Alberti KG, authors. Prevalences of diabe-tes and cardiovascular disease risk factors in Hindu Indian subcommunities in Tanzania. BMJ. 1991;303:271–6.

Ramachandran A, Snehalatha C, Dharmaraj D, Vishwanathan M. Prevalence of glucose intolerance in Asian Indians: Urban-rural difference and significance of upper body adiposi-ty. Diabetes Care. 1992;15:1348–55.

Björntorp P. Abdominal obesity and the development of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Metab Rev. 1988;4:615–22.

Drzewoski J, Saryusz-Wolska M, Czupryniak L, authors. Type II diabetes mellitus and se-lected metabolic disorders in urban population aged over 35 years. Pol Arch Med Wewn. 2001;106:787–91.

Wang H, Qiu Q, Tan LL, Liu T, Deng XQ, Chen YM, et al., authors. Prevalence and deter-minants of diabetes and impaired fasting glucose among urban community-dwelling adults in Guangzhou, China. Diabetes Metab. 2009;35:378–84.