Work performance, work-life balance and physiological well-being among nurses on night shift duty
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20261015Keywords:
Night shift nurses, Physiological well-being, Public hospital, Work-life balance, Work performanceAbstract
Background: Healthcare delivery requires continuous operation, making night shift nurses essential to sustaining patient care. However, night work disrupts circadian rhythms and may adversely affect work performance, work-life balance, and physiological well-being. This study examined these variables and their interrelationships among night shift nurses in a public hospital in southwestern Philippines.
Methods: A descriptive-correlational design was employed among 120 night shift nurses selected through stratified and simple random sampling from a public hospital in the southwestern Philippines. Data were collected using three pilot-tested, researcher-made questionnaires assessing work performance (28 items), work-life balance (21 items), and physiological well-being (28 items), all rated on 4-point Likert-type scales. Descriptive statistics summarized variable levels, while Pearson correlation and multiple regression analyses examined relationships and predictors of physiological well-being. Ethical approval and informed consent were obtained prior to data collection.
Results: Night shift nurses demonstrated effective task performance and adaptability, while contextual performance was fair and counterproductive behaviors were more evident. Work-life balance was generally favorable, with minimal work–personal conflict. In contrast, physiological well-being was low, marked by poor sleep quality, fatigue and physical symptoms despite moderate recovery. Physiological well-being was significantly associated with both work performance and work-life balance, with selected dimensions emerging as significant predictors.
Conclusions: Despite maintaining acceptable work performance and work–life balance, night shift nurses exhibited compromised physiological well-being. The findings underscore the need for institutional strategies that support recovery, reduce physiological strain and promote sustainable night shift nursing practice.
Metrics
References
Zhan T, Wei X, Zhang Z, Shi Z, Xie H, Ma X, et al. The impact of working night shifts on cardiac autonomic nervous regulation during the six-minute walk test in nurses. BMC Nurs. 2024;23:907. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-024-02563-y
An R, Li C, Ai S, Wu Y, Luo X, Li X, et al. Effect of shift work on fatigue, reaction time, and accuracy of nurses in the department of neurology: a cross-sectional observational study. J Nurs Manag. 2022;30(6):2074-83. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jonm.13665
Ko H, Shim J, Baek J. Effects of programs on sleep improvement in shift-work nurses: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Nurs. 2025;24:1142. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-025-03813-3
Al-Hrinat J, Al-Ansi AM, Hendi A, Adwan G, Hazaimeh M. The impact of night shift stress and sleep disturbance on nurses quality of life: case in Palestine Red Crescent and Al-Ahli Hospital. BMC Nurs. 2024;23(1):24. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-023-01673-3
Li X, Han J, Lin H. The effects of psychological flexibility and night shifts on mental health and well-being in nurses. PLoS One. 2024;19(11):e0313634. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0313634
Lee G, Cummings GG, Lee H. An examination of work characteristics, fatigue, and recovery among acute care nurses. J Nurs Scholarsh. 2021;53(3):414-24.
Öztürk Yıldırım T, Karatepe HK. The effect of the challenges experienced by nurses during the pandemic on their intention to leave work: The mediating role of performance. BMC Nurs. 2024;23:819. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-024-02413-x
Dires T, Feleke D, Amera T. Assessment of night-shift effects on nurses’ health and work performance at South Gondar Zone public hospitals. Int J Afr Nurs Sci. 2023;18:100530. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijans.2023.100530
Gu K, Chen H, Shi H, Hua C. Global prevalence of excessive daytime sleepiness among nurses: a systematic review and meta‐analysis. Int Nurs Rev. 2025;72(1):e13087. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/inr.13087
Koopmans L, Bernaards CM, Hildebrandt VH, de Vet HCW, van der Beek AJ. Measuring individual work performance: Identifying and selecting indicators. Work. 2020;65(3):595-607.
Pradhan RK, Jena LK. Employee performance at workplace: conceptual model and empirical validation. Bus Perspect Res. 2021;9(1):69-85. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/2278533716671630
Redley B, Olsen R, Cockburn J, Williams A. The impact of shift work and organisational climate on nurse health: a cross-sectional study. BMC Health Serv Res. 2018;18:586. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-018-3402-5
Orem DE. Self-care deficit nursing theory: selected papers of Dorothea Orem. New York, NY: Springer Publishing; 2001.
Allen TD, French KA, Dumani S, Shockley KM. A cross-national meta-analytic examination of predictors and outcomes associated with work-family conflict and enrichment. J Appl Psychol. 2020;105(6):539-76. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/apl0000442
Kossek EE, Thompson RJ, Lautsch BA. Balanced workplace flexibility: Avoiding the traps. Calif Manage Rev. 2021;63(4):5-25. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1525/cmr.2015.57.4.5
Kim M, Kim H. Work-life balance and subjective well-being among Korean adults: Focused on the moderating effect of gender. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(19):7231.
Demerouti E, Bakker AB, Nachreiner F, Schaufeli WB. The job demands-resources model of burnout. J Appl Psychol. 2001;86(3):499-512. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.86.3.499
Feng X, Li J, Zhang J, Hu Y, Gao J, Zhou L. Association between night shift and sleep quality and health among Chinese nurses: a cross-sectional study. J Nurs Manag. 2021;29(5):1182-90. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jonm.13351
Guglielmi O, de Vito A, Mazzotta F, Guglielmi T, D’Errico A. The impact of shift work on the psychological and physical health of nurses in a general hospital: a comparison between rotating night shifts and day shifts. Intern Emerg Med. 2015;10:493-502.
Konya I, Watanabe K, Shishido I, Sugimura N, Matsushita Y, Yamaguchi S, et al. Post-work recovery from fatigue and sleep episodes among nurses engaged in 16-hour night shifts: a prospective observational study. Healthcare. 2022;10(6):1089. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10061089
Roy C, Andrews HA. The Roy adaptation model. 3rd edn. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson; 2009.
Sonnentag S, Binnewies C, Mojza EJ. Staying well and engaged during the workweek: The role of work engagement, performance, and recovery experiences. J Appl Psychol. 2020;105(2):123-38.
Jeon BM, Kim SH. Associations of extended work, higher workloads, and emotional work demands with sleep disturbance among night-shift workers. BMC Public Health. 2022;22:2138. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-14599-3
Peplau HE. Peplau’s theory of interpersonal relations. Nurs Sci Q. 1997;10(4):162-7. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/089431849701000407
Kalliath T, Kalliath P, Chan C. Work-family conflict, family satisfaction and employee well-being: a comparative study of nurses and other professionals. J Adv Nurs. 2020;76(8):1973-83.
Okechukwu CE, Colaprico C, Di Mario S, Oko-oboh AG, Shaholli D, Manai MV, et al. The relationship between working night shifts and depression among nurses: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Healthcare. 2023;11(7):937. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11070937
Rashmi K, Kataria A. The mediating role of work-life balance on the relationship between job resources and job satisfaction: Perspectives from Indian nursing professionals. Int J Organ Anal. 2023;31(5):1316-42. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOA-04-2021-2722
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
