Nanotechnology in contemporary dentistry: a comprehensive review of current clinical applications, bioactive materials, and future perspectives
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20260326Keywords:
Nanotechnology, Bioactivity, Nanocomposites, Osseointegration, Restorative, Biomimetics, InnovationAbstract
This review explores the transformative shift in dentistry from biopassive materials to bioactive nanotechnology, addressing critical challenges such as polymerization shrinkage, secondary caries, and mechanical failure. Through a systematic search of PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, and Google Scholar (2015–2026), the study evaluates the mechanisms and clinical efficacy of bioactive glass (BAG), nanohydroxyapatite (nHA), and calcium-phosphate scaffolds. Findings indicate that these nanomaterials outperform traditional composites by enabling deep biomimetic remineralization, providing Power of Hydrogen (pH)-responsive ion release, and reducing polymerization stress by up to 37% through advanced fillers like nanoclay. In clinical practice, nanotechnology enhances the polishability and wear resistance of restoratives, optimizes osseointegration via nanofeatured implant surfaces, and improves endodontic sealing through nanoparticle-enhanced sealers. The review concludes that the integration of smart stimuli-responsive systems, Artificial Intelligence (AI), and three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting is transitioning the field from prosthetic replacement to full biological tooth regeneration, establishing nanotechnology as the cornerstone of personalized, regenerative oral healthcare.
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