Prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease using surrogate indices among adults attending a tertiary care hospital in Eastern India
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20254434Keywords:
Diabetes mellitus, Fatty liver index, India, Metabolic syndrome, Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, ObesityAbstract
Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has emerged as the most common chronic liver disorder worldwide and represents the hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome. In India, the burden of NAFLD is increasing rapidly due to rising prevalence of obesity, diabetes and sedentary lifestyles. Imaging-based diagnosis is resource-intensive, making surrogate indices useful for large-scale screening. To estimate the prevalence of NAFLD using fatty liver index (FLI) and to identify associated metabolic risk factors among adults attending a tertiary care hospital.
Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted at Hitech Medical College and Hospital, Bhubaneswar, over six months. Adults aged ≥30 years were enrolled. Anthropometric measurements and biochemical parameters were recorded. FLI was calculated using body mass index, waist circumference, serum triglycerides and gamma-glutamyl transferase levels. FLI ≥60 was considered diagnostic of NAFLD. Statistical analysis included descriptive statistics and multivariate logistic regression.
Results: Among 210 participants, the prevalence of NAFLD was 32.4%. NAFLD was significantly associated with obesity, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia and hypertension. Obesity and diabetes remained independent predictors on multivariate analysis.
Conclusions: Nearly one-third of adults had NAFLD as detected by surrogate indices. FLI is a simple, cost-effective tool that can be used for opportunistic screening in routine clinical practice.
Metrics
References
Younossi ZM, Koenig AB, Abdelatif D, Fazel Y, Henry L, Wymer M. Global epidemiology of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease—meta-analytic assessment of prevalence, incidence and outcomes. Hepatology. 2016;64(1):73–84. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/hep.28431
Anstee QM, Reeves HL, Kotsiliti E, Govaere O, Heikenwalder M. From NASH to HCC: current concepts and future challenges. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2019;16(7):411–28. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41575-019-0145-7
Chalasani N, Younossi Z, Lavine JE. The diagnosis and management of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: practice guidance from the AASLD. Hepatology. 2018;67(1):328–57. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/hep.29367
Eslam M, Newsome PN, Sarin SK. A new definition for metabolic dysfunction–associated fatty liver disease: an international expert consensus statement. J Hepatol. 2020;73(1):202–9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhep.2020.07.045
Bedogni G, Bellentani S, Miglioli L. The Fatty Liver Index: a simple and accurate predictor of hepatic steatosis in the general population. BMC Gastroenterol. 2006;6:33. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-230X-6-33
Das K, Das K, Mukherjee PS. Nonobese population in a developing country has a high prevalence of NAFLD. Hepatology. 2010;51(5):1593–602. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/hep.23567
Singh SP, Nayak S, Swain M. Prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in coastal eastern India. Indian J Gastroenterol. 2018;37(2):143–52.
Byrne CD, Targher G. NAFLD: a multisystem disease. J Hepatol. 2015;62(1):47–64. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhep.2014.12.012
Lonardo A, Ballestri S, Marchesini G, Angulo P, Loria P. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a precursor of the metabolic syndrome. Dig Liver Dis. 2015;47(3):181–90. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dld.2014.09.020
Mantovani A, Byrne CD, Bonora E, Targher G. NAFLD and risk of cardiovascular disease. Metabolism. 2018;83:69–80.
Wong VW, Wong GL, Choi PC. Disease progression of biopsy-proven NAFLD. Gut. 2010;59(7):969–74. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/gut.2009.205088
Fan JG, Kim SU, Wong VW. New trends on obesity and NAFLD in Asia. J Hepatol. 2017;67(4):862–73. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhep.2017.06.003
WHO. Obesity and overweight. World Health Organization. 2023.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
