Potential gain in life expectancy by eliminating the endocrine nutritional and metabolic diseases in Southern States of India

Salabha S. Kumar; Preethi K.

doi:10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20254047

Authors

Salabha S. Kumar Palakkad Institute of Medical Sciences, Walayar, Palakkad, Kerala, India
Preethi K. Department of Demography, University of Kerala, Kerala, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20254047

Keywords:

Endocrine nutritional and metabolic disease, Life expectancy, Medical certification of causes of death, Non-communicable diseases, Potential gain

Abstract

Background: Over the past century, non-communicable diseases have emerged as the primary cause of death globally. Among them, Endocrine, Nutritional and Metabolic diseases have shown an increasing trend from 2017 to 2020, likely the ranking rising from the 8th to the 5th in the MCCD data. In southern India, people are living longer, but not always healthier. Diabetes and thyroid disorders are silently shortening lives, often without drawing the attention they deserve.

Methods: The estimated data for India was extracted from the Medically Certified Data (MCCD)2020. The gain in life expectancy is calculated by following the elimination method (Shuji Hashimoto et al, 2012). Abridged Life tables were constructed using Chaing’s method in the United Nations’ software package for mortality measurements (MORTPAK). For the construction of the life table, first, calculate the nqx values from the observed age-specific death rates nmx. A life table that eliminated deaths caused by disease was constructed using data on the number of deaths and life tables without disease elimination. The study is a cohort study that was conducted from January 2024 to August 2024.

Results: The potential gain in life expectancy ranges from 0 to 7.84 years. By comparing other southern states, Tamil Nadu witnessed drastic changes in the life expectancy of males (7.84 years) and females (0 years) in the age group 25 to 35 age group.

Conclusions: The significant impact of Endocrine Nutritional and Metabolic diseases on mortality and life expectancy across southern Indian states, underlining the critical need for healthcare interventions.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

References

Hart JD, Sorchik R, Bo KS, Chowdhury HR, Gamage S. Improving medical certification of cause of death: effective strategies and approaches based on experiences from the Data for Health Initiative. BMC Med. 2020;18(1):74. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-020-01519-8

Gulati BK, Sahu D, Kumar A, Rao MV. Potential gain in life expectancy by gender after elimination of a specific cause of death in urban India. Int J Comm Med Publ Health. 2020;7(5):1848-53. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20201993

Thomas L, Arun S, Varughese DT, Soreng CK. Exploring the shift in newborn care practices among mothers and grandmothers in rural Odisha, India—a qualitative study. BMC Pediat. 2024;24(1):432. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-024-04916-7

Anderson RN. Method for constructing complete annual US life tables. National Center for Health Statistics. 1999.

Ramkumar R. Technical Demography”, New Delhi. 1986.

Namboodiri NK, Suchindran CM. Life table techniques and their applications Academic Press INC (London) Ltd. 1987.

Hashimoto, S., Kawado, M., Yamada, H., et al. (2012). Gains in disability-free life expectancy from elimination of diseases and injuries in Japan. Journal of Epidemiol. 2012;22(3):199–204. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2188/jea.JE20110112

Gulati BK, Sahu D, Sharma S, Vardhana Rao M V. Examining the Effect of Partial and Complete Elimination of a Specific Disease on the Gain in Life Expectancy at Birth in India and Selected States. J Comm Health Res. 2023;12(2):263-74.

Anjana RM, Deepa M, Pradeepa R. Causes and Predictors of Mortality in Asian Indians with and without Diabetes – 10-Year Follow-Up of the Chennai Urban Rural Epidemiology Study (CURES-150). PLOS ONE. 2018;13(8):200832. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0197376

Gulati BK, Sahu D, Sharma S. Examining the effect of partial and complete elimination of a specific disease on the gain in life expectancy at birth in india and selected States. J Comm Health Res. 2023;4:587.

Kumar KH, Patnaik SK. Incidence of endocrine disorders in Indian adult male population. Indian J Endocrinol Metabol. 2017;21(6):809-11. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4103/2230-8210.219335

Gulati BK, Pandey A, Ubaidullah M. Potential gain in life expectancy after partial and complete elimination of specified causes of death: An analysis of Medical Certification of Causes of Death data in India and its selected states. Int J Multidiscipl Res Dev. 2015;2(4):508-12.

Luhar S, Kondal D, Jones R, Anjana RM, Patel SA. Lifetime risk of diabetes in metropolitan cities in India. Diabetologia. 2021;64(3):521-9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-020-05330-1

Yadav AK, Singh A. Age-and sex-specific burden of morbidity and disability in India: a current scenario. InEvaluation of Health Services. 2020.

Gulati BK, Pandey A, Ubaidullah M. Potential gain in life expectancy after partial and complete elimination of specified causes of death: An analysis of medical certification of causes of death data in India and its selected states. Int J Multidiscipl Res Dev. 2015;2(4):508-12.

Abna A, Sandeep G, Chandran SA. Effect of Elimination of Cardiovascular diseases on Life Expectancy and Disability-Free Life Expectancy in India. Demography India. 2024;(53)2.