Prevalence, knowledge and risk factors associated with respiratory morbidities among petrol pump workers in selected petrol filling stations of South West district of Delhi, India: a cross-sectional study

Abstract

Background: Petrol filling stations pose a significant risk to workers due to exposure to both petrol/diesel vapours and vehicular exhaust. In India, these stations are typically staffed by attendants, with self-filling stations being uncommon, leading to a higher likelihood of exposure to toxic exhaust fumes.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 300 petrol pump workers of south west district of Delhi selected by non-probability purposive sampling. Data was collected using structured respiratory symptoms assessment proforma, structured risk factors assessment proforma and structured knowledge interview schedule. The data obtained were analyzed and interpreted using both descriptive and inferential statistics.

Results: Majority (70%) of respondents peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) fell within the yellow zone (>230-460 LPM), 3.3% fell within the red zone (less than 230 LPM), indicating severe airflow limitation and potential respiratory problems. Regarding risk factors- majority of respondents (73%) have more than 4 years of work experience and 66% have worked up to 48 hours per week, 93.7% did not use any protective gear, 82.7% of workers were not undergoing any regular health check-up. No statistically significant association was found between knowledge and the prevalence of respiratory morbidities indicating that knowledge alone does not mitigate health risks.

Conclusions: The study’s findings can help to advocate for better occupational health policies and regulations at petrol pumps including advocating for improved ventilation systems, provision of PPE, and regular health monitoring