Unravelling the links between chronotype, body mass index, and self-regulatory eating behavior: preliminary insights from an urban Kolkata study

Kaninika Roy; Sayani Das; Sangita Mazumder

doi:10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20252866

Authors

Kaninika Roy Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, NSHM Knowledge Campus, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
Sayani Das Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, NSHM Knowledge Campus, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
Sangita Mazumder Department of Computing and Analytics, NSHM Knowledge Campus, Kolkata, West Bengal, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20252866

Keywords:

Circadian rhythm, Eating behavior, Public health, Self-regulation

Abstract

Background: In urban Kolkata, a cross-sectional study was conducted to explore the under-researched connections between chronotype, body mass index (BMI), and self-regulatory eating behavior (SREB) among 156 adults aged 18 to 60 years. As urbanization in India leads to a rise in obesity and metabolic disorders, it is essential to comprehend how circadian preferences affect eating habits and weight management.

Methods: A cross-sectional design was used, employing the reduced morningness-eveningness questionnaire (rMEQ) to determine chronotypes. The self-regulation of eating behavior questionnaire (SREBQ) was used to assess eating behavior. BMI was categorized into four groups: underweight, normal weight, overweight, and obesity. Chi-square tests and logistic regression were performed to analyse the associations.

Results: Result showed no significant correlation between chronotype and BMI (p=0.34). Evening chronotypes displayed lower SREB compared to morning and intermediate types; however, this difference was not statistically significant (p=0.17). Logistic regression indicated that individuals with intermediate chronotypes had significantly greater odds of exhibiting self-regulation compared to those with evening chronotypes (OR: 7.77, p=0.005). Participants with postgraduate education showed improved SREB (p=0.037).

Conclusions: Individuals with intermediate chronotypes demonstrate superior self-regulation in eating behaviors compared to those with evening chronotypes, underscoring the importance of circadian alignment in dietary practices. No direct association was established between chronotype and BMI, indicating a need for further longitudinal research to inform targeted dietary interventions.

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