Assessment of self-care practises among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus attending urban health training centre of a tertiary health care institute in Central India: a cross-sectional study

Anju George; Jyotsna Deshmukh; Parvati Nair; Ebin Mathew

doi:10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20252838

Authors

Anju George Department of Community Medicine, Indira Gandhi Government Medical College, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
Jyotsna Deshmukh Department of Community Medicine, Indira Gandhi Government Medical College, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
Parvati Nair Department of Community Medicine, Indira Gandhi Government Medical College, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
Ebin Mathew Medical officer, Ministry of Defence, Government of India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20252838

Keywords:

Self-care practices, Summary diabetes self-care activities questionnaire, Type 2 diabetes

Abstract

Background: Diabetes is a chronic, metabolic disease characterized by elevated levels of blood glucose. The most common is type-2 diabetes. Self-care is multidimensional and includes healthy diet, daily exercises, blood glucose monitoring, foot care and avoidance of smoking which have to be practiced in order to achieve an optimal glycemic control and avoid complications. Hence this study was conducted to assess self-care practices among type-2 diabetes patients.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 100 known type 2 diabetes patients attending UHTC of a tertiary health care institute between January to April 2023 by interviewing them using structured-questionnaire assessing their self-care practices using summary of diabetes self-care activities (SDSCA) scale.

Results: Mean age of diabetic patients among study subjects was 61.52±9.9 years. 68% of the participants have poor self-care practices. A healthy eating plan on a daily basis was followed by 59% of the participants, daily exercises for 30 min were followed by 59%, and regular blood sugar monitoring was done by 80%. Regarding adherence to medications, 95% participants took recommended medicines on daily basis.

Conclusions: Self-care practices among diabetic patients were poor among 68% patients and there is a need for improving them across all assessed domains.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

References

World Health Organization. Diabetes. Available from: https://www.who.int/health-topics/diabetes. Accessed on 14 February 2024.

Diabetes- India. Available from: https://www.who.int/india/health-topics/mobile-technology-for-preventing-ncds. Accessed on 14 February 2024.

American Diabetes Association. Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes- 2022. Diabetes Care. 2022;45(1):S1-253. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2337/dc22-Sint

Shrivastava SR, Shrivastava PS, Ramasamy J. Role of self-care in management of diabetes mellitus. J Diabetes Metab Disord. 2013;12:14. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/2251-6581-12-14

Goyal N, Gupta SK. Self-care practices among known type 2 diabetic patients in Haldwani, India: a community based cross-sectional study. Int J Community Med Public Health. 2019;6(4):1740. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20191415

Dinesh PV, Kulkarni AG, Gangadhar NK. Knowledge and self-care practices regarding diabetes among patients with type 2 diabetes in rural Sullia, Karnataka: a community-based, cross-sectional study. J Fam Med Prim Care. 2016;5:847-52. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4103/2249-4863.201176

Suguna A, Magal AS, Stany A, Sulekha T, Prethesh K. Evaluation of self-care practices among diabetic patients in a rural area of Bangalore district, India. Int J Curr Res Acad Rev. 2015;3(6):415-22.

Dasappa H, Prasad S, Sirisha M, Prasanna RSV, Naik S. Prevalence of self-care practices and assessment of their sociodemographic risk factors among diabetes in the urban slums of Bengaluru. J Fam Med Prim Care. 2017;6:218-21. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4103/2249-4863.220037

Shah VN, Kamdar PK, Shah N. Assessing the knowledge, attitudes and practice of type 2 diabetes among patients of Saurashtra region, Gujarat. Int J Diabetes Dev Countries. 2009;29:118-22. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4103/0973-3930.54288

Selvaraj K, Ramaswamy G, Radhakrishnan S, Thekkur P, Chinnakali P, Roy G. Self-care practices among diabetes patients registered in a chronic disease clinic in Puducherry, South India. J Soc Health Diabetes. 2016;4:25-9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4103/2321-0656.176572

Karthik RC, Radhakrishnan A, Vikram A, Arumugam B, Jagadeesh S. Self-care practices among type II diabetics in rural area of Kancheepuram district, Tamil Nadu. J Fam Med Prim Care. 2020;9:2912-8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_356_20

Veerakumar AM, Shanmugapriya D, Shanmugapriya J, Soorya Narayanan B, Subashini S. Self-care Activities among diabetic patients in rural areas of Trichy District, Tamil Nadu. Nat J Res Community Med. 2017:6(2);120-3.

Chittooru CS, Ananda KG, Panati D, Chaudhuri S, Prahalad H. Self-care practices and its determinants among diabetic population in rural Andhra Pradesh, India: a cross-sectional study. Clin Epidemiol Glob Health. 2022;16:101102. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cegh.2022.101102

Uma Maheshwari R, Sowmiya KR, Kavin S. Self-care practices among type II diabetics attending primary health centre, Thiruvallur district, Tamil Nadu. Int J Community Med Public Health. 2017;4:2745-9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20173113

Rajasekharan D, Kulkarni V, Unnikrishnan B, Kumar N, Holla R, Thapar R. Self-care activities among patients with diabetes attending a tertiary care hospital in Mangalore Karnataka, India. Ann Med Health Sci Res. 2015;5(1):59-64. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4103/2141-9248.149791