Acceptance of COVID-19 vaccine among pregnant women: a cross-sectional study in an urbanised village of East Delhi
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20252466Keywords:
COVID-19, COVID-19 vaccine, Maternal vaccine, VaccinationAbstract
Background: It is well accepted that COVID-19 vaccinations combined with COVID-19 appropriate behavior are the most effective tools for individual protection and pandemic containment. Union Health Ministry announced the approval of COVID-19 vaccination for pregnant women on June 25, 2021, in India. The present study was conducted to assess COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and associated factors among pregnant women living in an urbanized village of Ghazipur, east Delhi.
Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted using a semi-structured pre-tested questionnaire to assess the estimated coverage of the COVID-19 vaccine among 226 pregnant women and various factors associated with it using a cluster sampling technique.
Results: Of the 226 participants, only 101 women took the COVID-19 vaccine during their pregnancy period with an acceptance rate of 44.7%; out of these 33 (14.6%) women received one dose, 63 (27.9%) received 2 doses and 5 (2.2%) received an additional booster dose of COVID-19 vaccine. Type of family, status of pre-existing medical conditions, knowledge of their COVID-19 vaccine eligibility and literacy status of participants are the factors associated with COVID-19 vaccination.
Conclusions: The proportion of pregnant women’s acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine during their pregnancy was low in our study. There is an urgent need to carry out IEC campaigns among pregnant women, health workers, and the community regarding the importance of COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy and dispel myths about it.
Metrics
References
Saxena G, Ren G, Fletcher ER. COVID-19 is world’s biggest challenge since World War II, says UN Secretary General. Health Policy Watch. 2020. Available from: https://healthpolicy-watch.news/covid-19-is-worlds-biggest-challenge-since-world-war-ii-says-un-secretary-general/. Accessed on 31 October 2023.
World Health Organization. Coronavirus (COVID-19) dashboard. Available from: https://covid19.who.int/. Accessed on 31 October 2023.
Chakraborty I, Maity P. COVID-19 outbreak: Migration, effects on society, global environment and prevention. Sci Total Environ. 2020;728(138882):138882. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138882
Sullivan KM, Mir RA, Dean AG. OpenEpi: Sample size for X-sectional, cohort, and clinical trials. Openepi.com. Available from: https://www.openepi.com/SampleSize/SSCohort.htm. Accessed on 6 July 2022.
Kalra K, Kaur R, Gupta P, Sood AK. COVID-19 vaccine acceptance during pregnancy, women’s views, and influencing factors. Cureus. 2023;15(1):e34039. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.34039
Singh P, Chauhan M, Verma M, Malhotra V, Chaudhary S, Yadav R. Understanding of COVID-19 vaccination in pregnant female- hesitancy and acceptance: a prospective observational study. Asian J Med Sci. 2022;13(11):11-6. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v13i11.46597
Blogs BGH. Improving COVID-19 vaccine accessibility in urban settings: a case study from Bihar, India. BMJ Global Health Blog. 2023. Available from: https://blogs.bmj.com/bmjgh/ 2023/12/23/improving-covid-19-vaccine-accessibility-in-urban-settings-a-case-study-from-bihar-india/. Accessed on 3 February 2024.
Mittal R, Kurian OC. Bringing the COVID-19 vaccine to every hamlet: the story of Raigarh. Orfonline.org. Available from: https://www.orfonline.org/public/uploads/posts/pdf/20230501183031.pdf. Accessed on 3 February 2024.
Covid-19: One crore frontline healthcare workers identified to received vaccine in first phase. Times Of India. 2020. Available from: https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/covid-19-one-crore-frontline-healthcare-workers-identified-to-received-vaccine-in-first-phase/articleshow/79382350.cms. Accessed on 31 October 2023.
Crawshaw J, Konnyu K, Castillo G, van Allen Z, Grimshaw JM, Presseau J. Behavioural determinants of COVID-19 vaccination acceptance among healthcare workers: a rapid review. Public Health. 2022;210:123-33. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2022.06.003
Choudhary OP, Choudhary P, Singh I. India’s COVID-19 vaccination drive: key challenges and resolutions. Lancet Infect Dis. 2021;21(11):1483-4. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(21)00567-3
Mordani S. Pregnant women should take COVID vaccines, data shows they are safe: Dr V. K. Paul. India Today. 2021. Available from: https://www.indiatoday.in/coronavirus-outbreak/vaccine-updates/story/pregnant-women-should-take-covid-vaccines-data-shows-they-are-safe-dr-vk-paul-1826065-2021-07-09. Accessed on 3 February 2024.
Ministry of Health and Family Welfare. Operational Guidance for COVID-19 Vaccination of Pregnant Women. MoHFW Delhi, India. Available at: https://covid19dashboard.mohfw.gov.in/pdf/OperationalGuidanceforCOVID19vaccinationofPregnantWoman.pdf. Accessed on 1 November 2023.
COVID-19 vaccination considerations for obstetric-gynecologic care. Acog.org. Available from: https://www.acog.org/clinical/clinical-guidance/practice-advisory/articles/2020/12/covid-19-vaccination-considerations-for-obstetric-gynecologic-care. Accessed on 15 February 2024.
Diamond-Smith NG, Sharma P, Duggal M, Gill N, Gupta J, Kumar V, et al. (2022) The supply is there. So why can’t pregnant and breastfeeding women in rural India get the COVID19 vaccine? PLOS Glob Public Health. 2022;2(12):e0001321. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0001321
Kumari A, Kumari S, Kujur M, Tirkey S, Singh SB, Tirkey II S. Acceptance rate of COVID-19 vaccine and its determinants among Indian pregnant women: a hospital-based cross-sectional analysis. Cureus. 2022;14(10). DOI: https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.30682
Gandhi AP, Thakur JS, Gupta M, Kathirvel S, Goel K, Singh T. COVID-19 vaccination uptake and adverse events following COVID-19 immunization in pregnant women in Northern India: a prospective, comparative, cohort study. J Rural Med. 2022;17(4):228-35. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2185/jrm.2022-025
Regan AK, Kaur R, Nosek M, Swathi PA, Gu NY. COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and coverage among pregnant persons in the United States. Prev Med Rep. 2022;29(101977):101977. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmedr.2022.101977
Dhakal R, Shapkota S, Shrestha P, Adhikari P, Nepal S. Pregnant women’s awareness, perception, and acceptability of COVID-19 vaccine attending antenatal clinics in Bharatpur, Nepal. PLoS One. 2023;18(3):e0278694. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0278694
Solís Arce JS, Warren SS, Meriggi NF, Scacco A, McMurry N, Voors M, et al. COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and hesitancy in low- and middle-income countries. Nat Med. 2021;27(8):1385-94. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-021-01454-y
Tao L, Wang R, Han N, Liu J, Yuan C, Deng L, et al. Acceptance of a COVID-19 vaccine and associated factors among pregnant women in China: a multi-center cross-sectional study based on health belief model. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2021;17(8):2378-88. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2021.1892432
Kuciel N, Mazurek J, Hap K, Marciniak D, Biernat K, Sutkowska E. COVID-19 vaccine acceptance in pregnant and lactating women and mothers of young children in Poland. Int J Womens Health. 2022;14:415-24. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2147/IJWH.S348652
Acharya D, Budhathoki CB, Khanal SP. Factors associated to acceptance and willingness to pay for COVID vaccine in Nepal. J Prev Med Hyg. 2022;63(2):E240-56.
India IF. Covid-19 vaccine hesitancy: Trends across states, over time. Ideas For India. Available from: https://www.ideasforindia.in/topics/governance/covid-19-vaccine-hesitancy-trends-across-states-over-time.html. Accessed on 25 January 2024.
Nair SC, Sreedharan J, Satish KP, Ibrahim H. Health literacy in a high income Arab country: a nation-wide cross-sectional survey study. PLoS One. 2022;17(10):e0275579. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0275579
Agarwal SK, Naha M. COVID-19 vaccine coverage in India: A district-level analysis. Vaccines. 2023;11(5). DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11050948
Khan S, Sohan K, Mohammed ZCM, Bachan V. COVID-19 vaccine uptake, acceptance, and reasons for vaccine hesitancy: a cross-sectional study among pregnant women in Trinidad, west indies. Int J Womens Health. 2023;15:343-54. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2147/IJWH.S396884
Gupta A, Christina S, Umar AY, Laishram J, Akoijam BS. COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among pregnant women: a facility-based cross-sectional study in Imphal, Manipur. Indian J Public Health. 2022;66(2):98-103. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4103/ijph.ijph_1826_21
Limaye RJ, Fesshaye B, Singh P, Zavala E, Akter S, Siddiqua TJ, et al. COVID-19 vaccine eligibility of pregnant and lactating women in Bangladesh: Gap between policy and policy interpretation among policymakers and healthcare workers. Vaccine X. 2023;15(100370):100370. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvacx.2023.100370
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
