Prevalence of musculoskeletal pain in field hockey players of Maharashtra: a cross-sectional study

Mayuri A. Khatavkar; Shradha Pawar; Sayali Kedare

doi:10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20252104

Authors

Mayuri A. Khatavkar Department of Physiotherapy, MGM College of Physiotherapy, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
Shradha Pawar Department of Physiotherapy, MGM College of Physiotherapy, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
Sayali Kedare Department of Physiotherapy, MGM College of Physiotherapy, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20252104

Keywords:

Field hockey, Maharashtra, Musculoskeletal injuries, Nordic questionnaire, Pain, Prevalence

Abstract

Background: Field hockey has its dynamic nature involving multidirectional movements which may lead to injuries. Thus, the study was aimed to find prevalence of pain and further categorizing with respect to gender, type of players and their playing positions, amongst hockey players.

Methods: It was a cross-sectional observational study taken place amongst various hockey clubs and Maharashtra Hockey Association. 363 participants out of 700 of mean age (20.89±11.04 years) were recruited from various zones of Maharashtra, along with respective consent. Data was tabulated and analyzed using MS-Excel.

Results: It was found highest in lower-back (34%) amongst the field hockey players. Based on gender, the most prevalent sites of pain were lower-back (22%) in males and neck (21%) in females. Lower back region seemed to be most prevalent in pain in both elite (42%) and recreational (29%) players. In elite players, most prevalent pain was seen as low back (46%) in males and that of bilateral hips (30%) in females. In recreational players, it was found that both genders reported prevalence of injury over lower back. (males- 25%, females- 33%). Based on play positions, it was found knee region in the goal-keepers and in lower-back of defenders get affected the most (47%). These numbers would help to filter out injury prone areas and to help in formulating preventive measures.

Conclusions: It was concluded that the highest prevalence of pain was found in lower-back (34%).

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

References

Nedimyer AK, Boltz AJ, Robison HJ, Collins CL, Morris SN, Chandran A. Epidemiology of Injuries in National Collegiate Athletic Association Women's Field Hockey: 2014-2015 Through 2018-2019. J Athl Train. 2021;56(7):636-42. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-428-20

Das J, Singh A, Sinha AGK. Epidemiology of injuries in field hockey in India. Bull Env Pharmacol Life Sci. 2023;12(5):29-34.

Manaf H, Justine M, Hassan N. Prevalence and pattern of musculoskeletal injuries among Malaysian hockey league players. Malays Orthop J. 2021;15(1):21-6. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5704/MOJ.2103.004

Levi A, Theilen TM, Rolle U. Injury surveillance in elite field hockey: a pilot study of three different recording techniques. BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med. 2020;10;6(1) DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjsem-2020-000908

Kaur S, Balajirao WS. Prevalence, burden of illness and injury in Indian male field hockey players: a prospective study. JETIR. 2020;7(8):117-25.

Rees H, McCarthy Persson U, Delahunt E, Boreham C, Blake C. The incidence of injury in male field hockey players: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Phys Ther Sport. 2021;52:45-53. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ptsp.2021.08.005

Coopoosamy D. A primary analysis of low back pain among the University of Johannesburg field hockey players. University of Johannesburg (South Africa). 2023.

Kumar S, Kulan-Daivelan S, Kaur J, Chaturvedi R, Malik AS, Punia S, et al. One year prevalence of musculoskeletal disorder among field hockey players in Haryana: A retrospective study. J Phys Educ Res. 2015;2(IV):48-56.

Crawford JO. The Nordic musculoskeletal questionnaire. Occup Med. 2007;57:300-1. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqm036

Jin H, Lee H. Risk factors based on analysis of injury mechanism and protective equipment for ice hockey amateur players. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022;19(7):4232. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19074232

Effendi PY, Siswandari FU. Analysis of the most dominant physical condition factors (arm muscle power, grip strength, and hand eye coordination) to determine indoor push hockey shooting ability. IJSSHR. 2022;05906);2650-53

Gould HP, Lostetter SJ, Samuelson ER, Guyton GP. Lower extremity injury rates on artificial turf versus natural grass playing surfaces: a systematic review. Am J Sports Med. 2023;51(6):1615-21. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/03635465211069562

Mason J, Wellmann K, Groll A, Braumann KM, Junge A, Hollander K, et al. Game exposure, player characteristics, and neuromuscular performance influence injury risk in professional and youth field hockey players. Orthop J Sports Med. 2021;6:9(4). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/2325967121995167

Upadhyaya N, Bhura C, Bhura P. Prevalence of musculoskeletal injuries among field hockey players of Vadodara: a cross sectional study; IJPESH. 2025;12(1):34-6.

Peter B, Karim K. Clinical sports medicine. The medicine of exercise 5th edn. Vol. 2. McGraw Hill; 2019.