Fluoride use in pediatric dentistry: balancing benefits and risks

Authors

  • Raed M. Alamoudi Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Al Thager Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
  • Faisal M. Martaa College of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
  • Fahad A. Alqahtani Department of Pediatrics, Hail Dental Center, Hail, Saudi Arabia
  • Arwa M. Alshahri College of Dentistry, Princess Nourah Bint Abdul Rahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
  • Maram N. Aboqraihah Dental Department, Ministry of Health, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
  • Reem E. Alharbi College of Dentistry, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
  • Ismail A. Alaama College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
  • Alhanouf M. Alourf College of Dentistry, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
  • Ali A. Alnasser Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Al Yamamah Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
  • Dania M. Kurdi Dental Department, Ad Dawadimi General Hospital, Ad Dawadimi, Saudi Arabia
  • Raghdah M. Albalawi College of Dentistry, Alfarabi Colleges, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20250048

Keywords:

Fluoride, Pediatric dentistry, Dental caries prevention, Dental fluorosis, Oral health strategies

Abstract

Fluoride has been a critical component in pediatric dentistry, offering significant protection against dental caries, a prevalent issue among children globally. Its mechanisms of action include enhancing enamel resistance through remineralization, inhibiting demineralization, and reducing bacterial activity in the oral cavity. These processes contribute to strengthening teeth and reducing the risk of decay, making fluoride a cornerstone in both individual and community dental care. However, excessive fluoride exposure, particularly in early childhood, poses risks such as dental fluorosis and, in rare cases, systemic toxicity. Strategies to ensure safe and effective fluoride use involve a combination of public health measures and individualized approaches. Community water fluoridation remains a cost-effective solution, significantly reducing caries prevalence while requiring strict monitoring to maintain safe levels. Topical applications, such as fluoride toothpaste and varnishes, provide targeted protection and minimize systemic intake, especially in high-risk populations. Recommendations for parental supervision during toothbrushing and the use of age-appropriate fluoride toothpaste are critical in reducing the risk of overexposure. Localized therapies, such as fluoride varnish and supplements for non-fluoridated areas, further enhance protective effects while addressing regional disparities. Public education campaigns play an essential role in raising awareness about proper fluoride use, fostering healthier oral hygiene practices among children and their caregivers. Ongoing research and evidence-based guidelines remain fundamental in optimizing fluoride application and addressing emerging concerns. Balancing the benefits of fluoride in preventing caries with the risks of overexposure requires a comprehensive approach that integrates scientific advancements, public health initiatives, and community-specific strategies.

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Published

2025-01-23

How to Cite

Alamoudi, R. M., Martaa, F. M., Alqahtani, F. A., Alshahri, A. M., Aboqraihah, M. N., Alharbi, R. E., Alaama, I. A., Alourf, A. M., Alnasser, A. A., Kurdi, D. M., & Albalawi, R. M. (2025). Fluoride use in pediatric dentistry: balancing benefits and risks. International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health, 12(2), 1021–1025. https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20250048

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Section

Review Articles