Public health strategies to combat measles outbreaks in low-vaccination areas

Sultan M. Alsharif; Amroo K. Noorelahi; Thamer M. Althagafi; Lama T. Alsayel; Lena H. Alfaraj; Raqhda B. Alshamase; Ammar A. Hejji; Samia A. Alzhrani; Rayed Y. Arishi; Nainawa A. Alsuaileek; Danya W. Alfadl; Hanadi A. Abdulkarim

doi:10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20244061

Authors

Sultan M. Alsharif Department of Pediatrics, Al Thager General Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Amroo K. Noorelahi Department of Pediatrics, Al Thager General Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Thamer M. Althagafi Department of Pediatrics, Al Thager General Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Lama T. Alsayel College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Lena H. Alfaraj College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Raqhda B. Alshamase Department of Psychiatry, Eradah Mental Health Complex, Qatif, Saudi Arabia
Ammar A. Hejji NICU, Royal Commission Medical Center, Yanbu, Saudi Arabia
Samia A. Alzhrani Department of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Al Baha, Saudi Arabia
Rayed Y. Arishi College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
Nainawa A. Alsuaileek College of Medicine, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
Danya W. Alfadl College of Medicine, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Hanadi A. Abdulkarim Department of Family Medicine, Shuran Primary Health Center – Ministry of Health, Medina, Saudi Arabia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20244061

Keywords:

Measles, Vaccination, Public health, Low-vaccination areas, Outbreak control

Abstract

Measles outbreaks are particularly common in regions where vaccination coverage falls below the required thresholds for herd immunity. These outbreaks often result in high morbidity and mortality rates, especially among children. This review examines public health strategies to combat measles outbreaks, focusing on areas with suboptimal vaccination coverage. Public health strategies to combat measles outbreaks in low-vaccination areas include mass vaccination campaigns, community engagement, enhanced surveillance, and strengthening healthcare systems. Vaccination campaigns are highly effective, but challenges like vaccine hesitancy and logistical barriers need to be addressed. Surveillance and healthcare system strengthening are essential for timely outbreak detection and effective management, despite limitations in resources. The review also explores the barriers to vaccination, such as vaccine hesitancy, logistical issues, and socioeconomic factors, which contribute to low vaccination rates. Key strategies such as catch-up immunization programs, the use of social media to counter misinformation, and strengthening healthcare systems to support vaccination efforts are discussed. The review underscores the importance of comprehensive, multi-level interventions involving local communities, healthcare providers, and governments to prevent and control measles outbreaks. Recommendations for improving vaccination rates and outbreak preparedness in low-vaccination areas are also presented.

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