Morbidity pattern and nutritional status of Anganwadi students in a selected gram-panchayat in Tripura, India
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20244042Keywords:
Tripura, Anganwadi student, Acute disease, Children’s health, Nutritional healthAbstract
Background: Early childhood care and development (ECCD) was a critical foundation for overall growth and development, not only of children but society on the whole which has severely neglected in India. According to NFHS almost half of all children under three were underweight. Prevalence of acute illness at the household level in Tripura was 12%. It is needed to draw the attention of people towards the person possessing nutrition and morbidity. The objectives of this study is to assess the nutritional status, prevalence of major morbidities and examine the impact of socio-demographic factors on nutritional status and morbidities in a block under study in Tripura.
Methods: In 2023 after receiving approval from KJSCE, IGNOU study centre, Mumbai, selected anganwadi students of Mechuria gram-panchayat of Tripura state were surveyed. We utilised Univariate, Bivariate and chi-square methods for this study.
Results: In Mechuria gram-panchayat 21% anganwadi students were underweight, 10% were obese and 57% Anganwadi students were suffered from acute illness. Common cold was 70% which was the highest prevalence. Major health problems were decreased with increasing parent’s age and their education and also raise this health problem with increasing age of Anganwadi teachers and helpers. It may be due to overburden of their other responsibilities.
Conclusions: Common cold, underweight and obese were the major health problem and government hospital played the main role in providing treatment facility in this village. Limitation of this study included that this study based on self-reporting.
Metrics
References
United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), India. State of Children in India 2021: A Report on Early Childhood Care and Development. UNICEF; 2021. Available at: https://www.unicef.org/india/reports/ state-children-india-2021. Accessed 01 May 2024.
Planning Commission of India. National Nutrition Policy 2014. Government of India; 2014. Available at: https://www.nnp.gov.in. Accessed 01 May 2024.
Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India. National Family Health Survey (NFHS-5) 2019-20: India Report. Mumbai: International Institute for Population Sciences; 2020. Available at: http://rchiips.org/nfhs/NFHS-5Reports/India.pdf. Accessed 01 May 2024.
HAQ: Centre for Child Rights (HAQCRC). Budget Analysis Report: Children in India – The Reality. New Delhi; 2007. Available at: http://www.haqcrc.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/Children-in-India-The-Reality-Report.pdf. Accessed 01 May 2024.
Supreme Court of India. Peoples Union for Civil Liberties (PUCL) vs. Union of India and Others. Writ Petition (Civil) 196 of 2001; 2001. Available at: https://indiankanoon.org/doc/180949/. Accessed 01 May 2024.
Citizens Initiative for the Rights of Children under Six. Focus on Children Under Six; 2006. Available at: http://www.rightsofchildren.org. Accessed 01 May 2024.
Ministry of Women and Child Development. National Mission for Children and Adolescent Health: An Overview; 2009. Available at: http://wcd.nic.in/. Accessed 01 May 2024.
Government of India. Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan: Framework for Implementation. Ministry of Human Resource Development; 2001. Available at: http://safal.ncert.gov.in/sarvashikshaabhiyan.pdf. Accessed 01 May 2024.
Government of India. National Rural Health Mission (NRHM): Framework for Implementation; 2005. Available at: https://nhm.gov.in/images/pdf/nrhm-framework.pdf. Accessed 01 May 2024.
Government of India. Eleventh Five Year Plan (2007-2012). Planning Commission; 2001. Available at: http://planningcommission.gov.in/plans/planrel/fiveyr/11th/11thplanch1.pdf. Accessed 01 May 2024.
Government of India. Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS): Operational Guidelines. Ministry of Women and Child Development; 2006. Available at: http://wcd.nic.in/. Accessed 01 May 2024.
Jain A, Rani S. The role of ASHA workers in the ICDS programme. J Health Manag. 2017;19(2):211-22.
National Institute of Public Cooperation and Child Development. The role of Anganwadi workers in India: A study on child health and nutrition. New Delhi: NIPCCD; 2019. Available at: http://www.nipccd.nic.in. Accessed 01 May 2024.
Teoteja GS, Singh P. Prevalence of anaemia in non-pregnant adolescent girls in India. Indian Council of Medical Research; 2002. Available at: https://www.icmr.gov.in. Accessed 01 May 2024.
District Level Household Survey (DLHS-IV). Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India; 2012-13. Available at: http://www.rchiips.org/dlhs/dlhs4.html. Accessed 01 May 2024.
United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA). World Population Report 2007. New York: UNFPA; 2007. Available at: https://www.unfpa.org/publications/world-population-report-2007. Accessed 01 May 2024.
World Health Organization (WHO), United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), United Nations University (UNU). Vitamin and mineral nutrition information system. WHO; 2001. Available at: https://www.who.int/nutrition/publications/vitamins/9789241592278/en/. Accessed 01 May 2024.
World Health Organization. Towards a common language for functioning, disability and health: International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). Geneva, Switzerland; 2002. Available at: https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1573668925447490176. Accessed 01 May 2024.
Census of India. Census 2011 - Tripura. Government of India; 2011. Available at: https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/1604_PART_B_DCHB_TRIPURA.pdf. Accessed 01 May 2024.
Government of Tripura. District Profile of Dhalai; 2018. Available at: http://tripurainfo.com/. Accessed 01 May 2024.
Government of Tripura. Village census data; 2020. Available at: http://tripurainfo.com/. Accessed 01 May 2024.
World Health Organization. Obesity and overweight. Available at: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/obesity-and-overweight. Accessed 01 May 2024.
Patel V, et al. The burden of childhood malnutrition in India. Lancet Child Adolesc Heal. 2019;3(8):572-81.
Yusuf ZI. Social Determinants of Overweight and Obesity Among Children in the United States. Int J MCH AIDS. 2020;9(1):22-33.
Swaminathan S. Trends in child malnutrition in rural India. Indian Pediatr. 2019;56(8):635-42.
Popkin BM. The nutrition transition and obesity in the developing world. J Nutr. 2010;131(3):871S-3S.
Bhutta ZA, Ali S, Cousens S, Ali TM, Haider BA, Rizvi A, et al. Interventions to address maternal, newborn, and child survival: what difference can integrated primary health care strategies make?. The Lancet. 2008;372(9642):972-89.
Bhandari N, Bahl R. Causes and risk factors of acute lower respiratory infections among children in developing countries. Indian J Pediatr. 2009;76(4):423-9.
Choudhary A, Parthasarathy P. Sanitation and health outcomes in rural India: A cross-sectional study. J Publ Heal. 2021;43(4):856-63.
Bergh C. Parental age and child outcomes. Fertility and Sterility. 2019;111(6):1036-46.
International Institute for Population Sciences (IIPS), ICF. National Family Health Survey (NFHS-4), India, 2015-16. Mumbai: IIPS; 2017. Available from: http://rchiips.org/nfhs/NFHS-4Reports/India.pdf. Accessed 01 May 2024.
Pal A, Manna S, Dalui R. Undernutrition and associated factors among children aged 510 years in West Bengal, India: a community-based cross-sectional study. Egypt Pediatric Association Gaz. 2021;69(40)
Hunter PR, MacDonald AM, Carter RC. Water supply and health. PLoS Med. 2010;7(11).
Prüss‐Ustün A, Bartram J, Clasen T, Colford Jr JM, Cumming O, Curtis V, et al. Burden of disease from inadequate water, sanitation and hygiene in low‐and middle‐income settings: a retrospective analysis of data from 145 countries. Trop Medi Internat Heal. 2014;19(8):894-905.
Ngure FM, Reid BM, Humphrey JH, Mbuya MN, Pelto G, Stoltzfus RJ. Water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH), environmental enteropathy, nutrition, and early child development: Making the links. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2014;1308(1):118-28.
Nayar KR. Social exclusion, caste & health: A review based on the social determinants framework. Indian J Med Res. 2007;126(4):355-63.
Delisle HFR. The double burden of malnutrition in mothers and the intergenerational impact. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2008;1136:172-84.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
