The evolution of adhesive dentistry: a review of materials and techniques

Turki M. Alotaibi; Rawan K. Alhazmi; Faisal S. Aldrees; Huda A. Alsakran; Majed F. Alotaibi; Monerah H. Alshathri; Omar S. Alqahtani; Ziad N. Almutawa; Manal M. Alsaadoun; Fahad I. Fatiny

doi:10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20241986

Authors

Turki M. Alotaibi Dental Department, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Rawan K. Alhazmi Dental Department, King Fahad Armed Forces Hospital (KFAFH), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Faisal S. Aldrees Dental Department, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Huda A. Alsakran Dental Department, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Majed F. Alotaibi Dental Department, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Monerah H. Alshathri Dental Department, King Fahad Armed Forces Hospital (KFAFH), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Omar S. Alqahtani Dental Department, Security Aviation, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Ziad N. Almutawa Dental Department, Ministry of Interior, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Manal M. Alsaadoun Dental Department, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (MNGHA), Dammam, Saudi Arabia
Fahad I. Fatiny Dental Department, Al-Muzahmiya Medical Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20241986

Keywords:

Adhesive dentistry, Composite resins, Bond strength, Dental restorations, Nanotechnology

Abstract

Adhesive dentistry has undergone remarkable advancements since its inception, fundamentally transforming restorative dental care. Initially marked by the development of early resins and etching techniques, adhesive dentistry has evolved to incorporate sophisticated materials and innovative techniques that significantly enhance clinical outcomes. The introduction of Bis-GMA resins in the 1960s improved mechanical properties and reduced polymerization shrinkage, paving the way for modern composite resins. These composites, enhanced by nanotechnology and advanced filler technology, provide superior strength, wear resistance, and esthetic qualities. Techniques such as selective enamel etching and multi-layering of adhesive systems have further improved bond strength and reduced technique sensitivity. The clinical applications of adhesive dentistry are extensive, ranging from direct and indirect restorations to cosmetic procedures and preventive measures. Direct composite restorations offer minimally invasive solutions with excellent esthetics, while indirect restorations such as inlays, onlays, and veneers benefit from strong, reliable bonds and improved durability. Cosmetic procedures, including veneers, achieve dramatic esthetic improvements with long-lasting results. Preventive applications, such as sealants, effectively protect against caries, especially in pediatric and high-caries-risk patients. The continuous refinement of materials and techniques has led to better clinical outcomes, increased patient satisfaction, and reduced need for invasive procedures. Advances in adhesive materials and methods have ensured that restorations not only mimic natural tooth structures but also maintain their integrity under functional forces. As research and development in adhesive dentistry continue to progress, the field is poised to offer even more innovative and effective solutions, further enhancing the quality of dental care. Overall, the evolution of adhesive dentistry underscores its pivotal role in modern dental practice, providing durable, esthetic, and reliable restorative options that meet the diverse needs of patients.

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