Spironolactone-induced gynecomastia: a case report

Authors

  • Shaik Khadeer Ahamed CMR College of Pharmacy, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
  • Sanjana Reddy Thota CMR College of Pharmacy, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
  • Deepthi Dara CMR College of Pharmacy, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
  • Rama Rao Tadikonda Department of PharmD, CMR College of Pharmacy, Hyderabad, Telangana, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20241509

Keywords:

Gynecomastia, Spironolactone, Estrogen receptor modulators, Spironolactone-induced gynecomastia, Drug-induced gynecomastia

Abstract

The term "gynecomastia" refers to the benign growth of glandular breast tissue in men. In older men, adolescents, and newborns, physiological gynecomastia is common. Although it is self-limited, it can be managed to reduce both physical and emotional discomfort. Chronic conditions (such as cirrhosis, hypogonadism, and renal insufficiency), drug use (including prescription, over-the-counter, and illicit drugs), and tumors are rare causes of nonphysiologic gynecomastia. Exogenous estrogens, antiandrogens, 5-alpha reductase inhibitors, spironolactone, and cimetidine are the active ingredients that are known to cause gynecomastia the most frequently. A patient's medical history is crucial in diagnosing drug-induced gynecomastia. Treating the underlying disease and stopping contributing medications are the cornerstones of treatment. In certain cases, gynecomastia can be treated with surgery and medications such as estrogen receptor modulators. Early intervention and patient-directed care are important aspects of treatment. We describe the pathogenetic mechanism of spironolactone-induced gynecomastia and provide a case report of a 52-year-old male patient.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

References

Braunstein GD. Clinical practice. Gynecomastia. N Engl J Med. 2007;357:1229-37.

Thompson DF, Carter JR. Drug-induced gynecomastia. Pharmacotherapy. 1993;13:37-45.

Cuculi F, Suter A, Erne P. Spironolactone-induced gynecomastia. CMAJ. 2007;176:620.

Deepinder F, Braunstein GD. Gynecomastia: incidence, causes and treatment, Expert Review of Endocrinology & Metabolism. 2011;6(5):723-30.

Cuhaci N, Polat SB, Evranos B, Ersoy R, Cakir B. Gynecomastia: Clinical evaluation and management. Indian J Endocrinol Metab. 2014;18(2):150-8.

Swerdloff RS, Ng JCM. Gynecomastia: Etiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment. [Updated 2023 Jan 6]. In: Feingold KR, Anawalt B, Blackman MR, et al., editors. Endotext [Internet]. South Dartmouth (MA): MDText.com, Inc.; 2000.

Goldman RD. Drug-induced gynecomastia in children and adolescents. Can Fam Physician. 2010;56(4):344-5.

Haynes BA, Mookadam F. Male gynecomastia. Mayo Clin Proc. 2009;84(8):672.

Roberto G, Biagi C, Montanaro N. Statin-associated gynecomastia: evidence coming from the Italian spontaneous ADR reporting database and literature. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2012;68:1007-11.

Köklü E, Arslan Ş, Yüksel İÖ, Bayar N, Demirci D. Nebivolol-induced gynecomastia. J Pharmacol Pharmacother. 2015;6(3):166-8.

Downloads

Published

2024-05-30

How to Cite

Ahamed, S. K., Thota, S. R., Dara, D., & Tadikonda, R. R. (2024). Spironolactone-induced gynecomastia: a case report. International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health, 11(6), 2430–2432. https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20241509

Issue

Section

Case Reports