Definition, epidemiology and characterization of sepsis

Ahmed Amin Aljefri; Latifah Humoud Almutairi; Manar Hassan Alraddadi; Shahad Ali Alahmadi; Ali Qasem Sufyani; Jawad Najeeb Almarzooq; Ahmed Hassan Al Nashri; Fatimah Abdulhameed Al Wosaibi; Norah Ali Boukhamssein; Mustafa Saeed Almahasnah; Saja Dhawi Alyami

doi:10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233852

Authors

Ahmed Amin Aljefri Department of Emergency Medicine, Al Thager Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Latifah Humoud Almutairi Department of Anesthesia, Farwaniya Hospital, Kuwait City, Kuwait
Manar Hassan Alraddadi Emergency Medical Services, Hera General Hospital, Mecca, Saudi Arabia
Shahad Ali Alahmadi College of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Ali Qasem Sufyani Department of Respiratory Therapy, Jazan General Hospital, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
Jawad Najeeb Almarzooq Department of Emergency Medicine, Prince Saud bin Jalawi Hospital, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
Ahmed Hassan Al Nashri Department of Internal Medicine, South Qunfudah Hospital, Al Qunfudhah, Saudi Arabia
Fatimah Abdulhameed Al Wosaibi College of Medicine, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain
Norah Ali Boukhamssein College of Medicine, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain
Mustafa Saeed Almahasnah Department of Internal Medicine, Alkhafji General Hospital, Al Khafji, Saudi Arabia
Saja Dhawi Alyami Department of Critical Care Unit, King Fahad Armed Forces Hospital, Khamis Mushit, Saudi Arabia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233852

Keywords:

Sepsis, Systemic inflammatory response syndrome, Clinical manifestations, Multidisciplinary management, Post-sepsis syndrome

Abstract

Sepsis is a condition that occurs when the body's response to infection becomes unbalanced and potentially life-threatening. In this study, there is a focus on understanding and addressing sepsis. This detailed review explores how sepsis is defined in its prevalence in populations and how it is present clinically. The development of sepsis involves a series of events triggered by infections resulting in inflammation and dysfunction in organs. The symptoms of sepsis can range from signs like fever and changes in state to more severe complications such as septic shock. Early recognition of these symptoms using criteria like Systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) is crucial for intervention, which can greatly impact patient outcomes. Various diagnostic markers, imaging techniques and a deeper understanding of the pathophysiology behind sepsis have contributed to identification and targeted treatment approaches. Managing sepsis involves a combination of therapy, support for blood circulation, respiratory interventions and careful use of agents that modulate the system. It's important to emphasize the efforts among healthcare professionals from disciplines when it comes to managing sepsis effectively. Providing follow up care is essential for survivors as they may experience long term consequences such as sepsis syndrome. Due to its impact on health ongoing research is necessary to explore therapeutic options and refine existing strategies for managing sepsis effectively. The field continues to evolve with advancements, in precision medicine host directed therapies and interdisciplinary collaboration playing roles. This review seeks to grasp the concept of sepsis, providing insights into its various aspects, including the difficulties, in diagnosis and the ever-evolving treatment strategies.

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