Diabetes prevention in primary care: a review of lifestyle interventions, screening, and risk reduction

Marwah Y. Abdullah; Emtenan A. Esmael; Khalid M. Alqahtani; Kholoud H. Qahl; Naif A. Alanazi; Hashim W. Alshakhs; Fahad A. Alayyash; Yousef A. Almalki; Mohammed A. Alharbi; Ahmed I. Alharbi; Maram S. Alhamdan

doi:10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233551

Authors

Marwah Y. Abdullah Department of Family Medicine, East Jeddah Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Emtenan A. Esmael Department of Otolaryngology, Ahad Rafidah General Hospital, Abha, Saudi Arabia
Khalid M. Alqahtani Department of Urology, Abha Maternity and Children Hospital, Abha, Saudi Arabia
Kholoud H. Qahl Primary Health Care, Ministry of Health, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Naif A. Alanazi Arar Primary Healthcare Center, Ministry of Health, Arar, Saudi Arabia
Hashim W. Alshakhs Endocrine and Diabetes Center, King Fahad Hospital, Al Hofuf, Saudi Arabia
Fahad A. Alayyash Khamis Mushait Primary Health Care, Abha, Saudi Arabia
Yousef A. Almalki Department of Preventative Medicine, Prince Mansour Military Hospital, Taif, Saudi Arabia
Mohammed A. Alharbi Primary Health Care, Second Health Cluster Central Region, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Ahmed I. Alharbi Employee Clinic, Medical Rehabilitation Hospital, Medina, Saudi Arabia
Maram S. Alhamdan Department of Emergency Medicine, King Salman Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233551

Keywords:

Diabetes mellitus, Prevention, Lifestyle modifications, Screening, Risk reduction, Dietary interventions, Physical activity

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus, a global health crisis, necessitates effective prevention strategies. The prevalence of diabetes is on a relentless rise, leading to severe complications and imposing a substantial societal burden. Diabetes prevention has taken center stage in the public health arena. The imperative to develop effective strategies for preventing diabetes, particularly type 2 diabetes, has never been more apparent. The primary goal of diabetes screening is to identify individuals at risk of developing the disease, particularly type 2 diabetes. This paper explores the multifaceted landscape of diabetes prevention, emphasizing the role of lifestyle modifications, screening, and risk reduction. Lifestyle modifications encompass dietary changes, physical activity, and behavioral adjustments, forming the foundational approach. Screening, with various methods and risk assessment tools, identifies at-risk individuals, allowing for timely interventions. Risk reduction strategies target modifiable factors and are essential for both preventing diabetes onset and mitigating complications. These approaches empower individuals, healthcare professionals, and policymakers to combat diabetes's increasing prevalence and its associated health and economic consequences.

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