Compliance to post-exposure prophylaxis among patients attending anti-rabies vaccination clinic in a tertiary health care centre in central India: a cross sectional study

Nidhi P. Sastry; Jyotsna S. Deshmukh; Ashok R. Jadhao; Kalaivani M.; Manisha D. Solanki; Vihangi V. Nitnaware

doi:10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20232384

Authors

Nidhi P. Sastry Department of Community Medicine, Indira Gandhi Government Medical College, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
Jyotsna S. Deshmukh Department of Community Medicine, Indira Gandhi Government Medical College, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
Ashok R. Jadhao Department of Community Medicine, Indira Gandhi Government Medical College, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
Kalaivani M. Department of Community Medicine, Indira Gandhi Government Medical College, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
Manisha D. Solanki Department of Community Medicine, Indira Gandhi Government Medical College, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
Vihangi V. Nitnaware Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Narsee Monjee Institute of Management Studies, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20232384

Keywords:

Anti-rabies vaccine, Compliance, Post-exposure prophylaxis, Rabies, Rabies immunoglobulin

Abstract

Background: Rabies is a fatal but vaccine-preventable disease. Prevention of rabies in exposed individuals is possible by providing them with the proper post-exposure prophylaxis. This study aims to assess the compliance to post-exposure prophylaxis in animal bite cases and factors associated with it.

Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted between September 2022 to November 2022 using a predesigned, pretested proforma to interview 300 patients attending anti-rabies vaccination clinic in a tertiary health care centre in central India.

Results: Majority of the patients 268 (89.3%) suffered category 3 animal bite and 32 (10.7%) patients suffered category 2 animal bite. 125 (41.7%) patients washed the wound with water, soap and applied antiseptic. 234 (78%) patients completed their last dose of anti-rabies vaccine (ARV) while compliance to Rabies Immunoglobulin (RIG) was seen in 167 (63.3%) patients of all cases requiring it. Out of all the patients who took Equine RIG, 7 (4.5%) showed hypersensitivity reactions. Significant association was found between compliance to ARV with type of animal and status of animal after 10 days; and compliance to RIG with gender, socio-economic status, type of animal and type of wound.

Conclusions: Compliance to ARV and RIG in our study was 78% and 63.3% respectively. Major reason for poor compliance to RIG was the price of immunoglobulin. Health education regarding significance of post-exposure prophylaxis is needed among the population.

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