Association of modifiable risk factors among stroke patients attending a tertiary care hospital at Durg district of Chhattisgarh: a case-control study

Keshav K. Dewangan; M. Junaid; Ruchita Dixit; Nitin Kamble; Amol R. Patil

doi:10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20231700

Authors

Keshav K. Dewangan Department of Community Medicine, Shri Shankaracharya Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh, India
Mohd Junaid Department of Community Medicine, Shri Shankaracharya Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh, India
Ruchita Dixit Department of Community Medicine, Shri Shankaracharya Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh, India
Nitin Kamble Department of Community Medicine, Shri Shankaracharya Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh, India
Amol R. Patil Department of Community Medicine, Shri Shankaracharya Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20231700

Keywords:

Case-control study, Modifiable, Non-communicable diseases, Risk factors, Stroke

Abstract

Background: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are medical conditions or illnesses that are not caused by infectious agents. Modifiable behavioural risk factors, such as tobacco use, physical inactivity, unhealthy diet, stress and the harmful use of alcohol and metabolic risk factors, such as hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, obesity, increase the risk of stroke. Strokes in Asian patients account for more than two-thirds of the overall stroke incidence worldwide.

Methods: The Hospital based case-control study was carried out on 88 hospitalized patients with history of first time stroke and Controls were selected from hospital with no history of stroke. For each case gender, age (+5 years) matched control was selected in 1:1 ratio. A predesigned pretested questionnaire was used to collect data. Data were compared between case and control groups using chi-squared test, Students t-tests as appropriate and Uni-variate odds ratio (ORs) for these risks factors were calculated.

Results: We recruited 88 cases of stroke and 88 controls for this study. In the current study Hypertension was found to be significantly associated with stroke. The stroke cases had significantly higher proportion of diabetes mellitus and the risk of developing stroke with diabetes mellitus was high and significant. Similarly, stroke was associated with alcohol, family history of stroke and obesity. Risk of developing stroke was not associated with cardiac disease.

Conclusions: Hypertension, alcohol, obesity are the biggest risk factors for stroke. This could be helpful in early identification of subjects at risk of stroke and formulation of public health strategy. Additional studies of large patient cohorts will be essential to validate these findings.

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