Association between depression and suicidal ideation among people living with HIV

Authors

  • Anuradha Gautam Department of Community and Family Medicine, AIIMS, Deoghar, Jharkhand, India
  • Chandra Mauli Mishra Department of Community and Family Medicine Department, AIIMS, Raebareli, Uttar Pradesh, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20223219

Keywords:

Depression, HIV/AIDS, Suicidal ideation, PHQ-9, Mental health

Abstract

Background: Psychological illnesses among PLHIV may cause poor engagement to their HIV care and it may lead to poor treatment outcomes. Therefore, early detection of depression and suicidal behaviour is important for timely intervention to improve mental health and HIV/AIDS-related treatment outcomes. So, the AIM of the study was to assess the prevalence of depression and its relation with suicidal ideation among PLHIV.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional and facility-based study, 205 PLHIV were recruited by using systematic random sampling from ART plus centre, Lucknow. Depression and suicidal ideation were assessed using the nine-item patient health questionnaire (PHQ-9) tool. Data were analysed using Chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression in SPSS version-23.

Results: The results revealed that the prevalence of depression among study participants was 36.6%, in which about more than half (56.0%) were females and about 54.4% females had suicidal ideation. In the multivariate logistic analysis, gender; AOR=3.07, 95% CI (1.53-6.14), category; AOR=3.66, 95% CI (1.60-8.34), type of family; AOR=0.26, 95% CI (0.12-0.58), socio-economic status; AOR=7.93, 95% CI (2.32-27.06) and PLHIV on co-trimoxazole prophylactic treatment; AOR=0.47, 95% CI (0.23-0.99) were significantly associated with depression

Conclusions: The results signify the psychological morbidities of illness among PLHIV, so without good mental health care, people with HIV may fail their treatment, which also affects their health.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

References

Yousuf A, Musa R, Isa MLM, Arifin SRM. Anxiety and depression among women living with hiv: prevalence and correlations. Clin Pract Epidemiol Ment Heal. 2020;16(1):59-66.

Drs Spitzer, Williams K. Patient health questionnaire (PHQ-9). Available at: https://www2.gov.bc.ca/ assets/gov/health/practitioner-pro/bc-guidelines/ depression_patient_health_questionnaire.pdf. Accessed on 20 November 2021.

Depression and other common mental disorders -global health estimates. Available at: https://www. who.int/publications/i/item/depression-global-health-estimates. Accessed on 20 November 2021.

Depression fact sheet. Available at: https://www. who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/depression. Accessed on 20 November 2021.

Beyene GB, Huluf AT, Hailu E, Siyum H, Mebrahtu G, Gidey B, et al. Depression among Adult HIV/AIDS Patients Attending ART Clinics at Aksum Town, Aksum, Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study. Depress Res Treat. 2019.

Suicide- factsheet. Available at: https://www.who. int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/ suicide. Accessed on 20 November 2021.

Ophinni Y, Adrian, Siste K, Wiwie M, Anindyajati G, Hanafi E, et al. Suicidal ideation, psychopathology and associated factors among HIV-infected adults in Indonesia. BMC Psychiatr. 2020;20(1):1-10.

Preventing suicide-Centres for disease control and prevention. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/ violenceprevention/suicide/fastfact.html. Accessed on 20 November 2021.

Suicide. Available at: https://www.nimh.nih. gov/health/statistics/suicide.shtml#:~:text=A suicide attempt is a,%2C considering%2C or planning suicide. Accessed on 20 November 2021.

Let ’ s talk :depression among people with HIV. Available at: https://www.who.int/hiv/mediacentre/ news/hiv-depression/en/. Accessed on 20 November 2021.

Nyongesa MK, Mwangi P, Wanjala SW, Mutua AM, Newton CRJC, Abubakar A. Prevalence and correlates of depressive symptoms among adults living with HIV in rural Kilifi, Kenya. BMC Psychiatr. 2019;19(1):1-10.

Seid S, Abdu O, Mitiku M, Tamirat KS. Prevalence of depression and associated factors among HIV/AIDS patients attending antiretroviral therapy clinic at Dessie referral hospital, South Wollo, Ethiopia. Int J Ment Health Syst. 2020;14(1):1-8.

Ngum PA, Fon PN, Ngu RC, Verla VS, Luma HN. Depression Among HIV/AIDS patients on highly active antiretroviral therapy in the southwest regional hospitals of Cameroon: a cross-sectional study. Neurol Ther. 2017;6(1):103-14.

Cai S, Liu L, Wu X, Pan Y, Yu T, Ou H. Depression, anxiety, psychological symptoms and health-related quality of life in people living with HIV. Patient Prefer Adhere. 2020;14:1533-40.

Ortblad KF, Musoke DK, Chanda MM, Ngabirano T, Velloza J, Haberer JE, et al. Knowledge of HIV Status Is Associated with a Decrease in the Severity of Depressive Symptoms among Female Sex Workers in Uganda and Zambia. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2020;83(1):37-46.

Malava JK, Lancaster KE, Hosseinipour MC, Rosenberg NE, O’donnell JK, Kauye F, et al. Prevalence and correlates of probable depression diagnosis and suicidal ideation among patients receiving HIV care in Lilongwe, Malawi. Malawi Med J. 2018;30(4):236-42.

Tran BX, Dang AK, Truong NT, Ha GH, Nguyen HLT, Do HN, et al. Depression and quality of life among patients living with HIV/AIDS in the era of universal treatment access in Vietnam. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2018;15(12):1-14.

L’akoa RM, Noubiap JJN, Fang Y, Ntone FE, Kuaban C. Prevalence and correlates of depressive symptoms in HIV-positive patients: A cross-sectional study among newly diagnosed patients in yaoundé, cameroon. BMC Psychiatr. 2013;13.

Asmare ED, Meseret S. Prevalence of depression and associated factors among hiv/ aids patients attending art clinic at debrebirhan referral Hospital, North Showa, Amhara Region, Ethiopia. Clin Psychiatr. 2015;1(1):1-7.

Akena D, Musisi S, Joska J, Stein DJ. The Association between Aids Related Stigma and Major Depressive Disorder among HIV-Positive Individuals in Uganda. PLoS One. 2012;7(11):7-12.

Yeneabat T, Bedaso A, Amare T. Factors associated with depressive symptoms in people living with HIV attending antiretroviral clinic at Fitche Zonal Hospital, Central Ethiopia: Cross-sectional study conducted in 2012. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2017;13:2125-31.

Downloads

Published

2022-11-28

How to Cite

Gautam, A., & Mishra, C. M. (2022). Association between depression and suicidal ideation among people living with HIV. International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health, 9(12), 4601–4606. https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20223219

Issue

Section

Original Research Articles