Association between self-reported medication adherence and virologic outcome among human immuno-deficiency virus positive adults accessing care at a tertiary treatment centre in Rivers State, Nigeria

Authors

  • Golden Owhonda Department of Public Health and Disease Control, Rivers State Ministry of Health, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria
  • Anwuri Luke Department of Community Medicine, College of Medical Sciences, Rivers State University, Nkpolu-Oroworukwo, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8242-1508

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20222228

Keywords:

Association, Self-reported, Medication adherence, Virologic outcome, HIV-positive

Abstract

Medication adherence reduces the risk of resistance to antiretroviral therapy. The frequently applied methods in measuring medication adherence are self-reported adherence and viral load monitoring. However, due to the backdrop of recall bias and overestimation of outcomes associated with self-reported adherence, viral load monitoring may be a better measure. This study assessed the association between medication adherence and virologic outcome among human immuno-deficiency virus (HIV) positive adults accessing care at a treatment centre in Rivers State, Nigeria. This cross-sectional study employed the systematic sampling technique to select eligible HIV-positive adults accessing care at the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital between September 2022 to November 2022. Data were collected using a validated 3-item structured interviewer-administered questionnaire and analyzed with statistical package for social science (SPSS) version-26. Pearson’s Chi-square was used to test for associations at a significance level of p<0.05 and a 95% confidence interval. Confounding variables were controlled by stratifying into gender groups. 1600 participants were recruited; males (800), and females (800) with a mean age and standard deviation; males (44.53±10.50), and females (40.58±9.34). The mean self-reported optimal adherence levels were; male (98.7±6.4), and female (97.3±10.0) at p<0.001. The virologic suppression levels were; male (89.5%), and female (89.6%). The association between self-reported adherence and virologic outcome; female (90.0%, p=0.268) and male group (89.7%, p=0.485). Self-reported adherence was not associated with virologic outcomes between gender groups. Hence, viral load monitoring is recommended as a standalone method of assessing medication adherence due to its additional advantage of measuring progress toward virologic suppression.

Author Biography

Anwuri Luke, Department of Community Medicine, College of Medical Sciences, Rivers State University, Nkpolu-Oroworukwo, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria

Community Medicine/Lecturer 1

Consultant Public Health Physician

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Published

2022-08-26

How to Cite

Owhonda, G., & Luke, A. (2022). Association between self-reported medication adherence and virologic outcome among human immuno-deficiency virus positive adults accessing care at a tertiary treatment centre in Rivers State, Nigeria. International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health, 9(9), 3587–3594. https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20222228

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Section

Review Articles