Psychosocial profile of women reporting with breast related symptoms and their association with time taken for presentation, a hospital based study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20204730Keywords:
Breast cancer symptoms, Psychological parameters, Time taken for presentationAbstract
Background: The paper aims to study psycho-socio- demographic factors of women presenting with breast symptoms, find their correlations with (TTP).
Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted in the Breast diagnostic clinic of a tertiary care hospital over a period of 2 months with the aim to approach all those women attending the breast diagnostic clinics and who had not started any treatment so far. The data collection was done using self-administered questionnaire and interview based questionnaire as required for a period of 2 months. 80 patients were included in the study. Their socio-demographic data, health seeking behaviour were collected and personality traits, life orientation and coping styles were assessed using the standardized tests. Descriptive, correlation analysis and stepwise linear regression followed by logistic regression, using SPSS20 software.
Results: TTP was long with mean 6months. It was found to be negatively associated with size of the lump and education and positively with awareness about risk of cancer. Life orientation styles and personality traits showed no correlation. Pessimism was the seen in the majority of women.
Conclusions: Education and increasing awareness about risk of cancer in the women can help them to report for treatment without delay. The understanding of coping skill, life orientation and personality domains and their relationship with TTP in the pre-diagnostic stage can help in future planning strategies during the course of treatment for breast cancer.
References
Chavan R, Prasad A. Clinicopathological study of breast diseases: A hospital-based study. J Pathol Nepal. 2019;9(1):1460-3.
Kumar N, Prasad J. Epidemiology of benign breast lumps, is it changing: a prospective study. Int Surg J. 2019;6(2):465-9.
Malvia S, Bagadi S, Dubey US, Saxena S. Epidemiology of breast cancer in Indian women. Asia‐Pacific J Clinic Oncol. 2017;13(4):289-95.
Gupta R, Gupta S, Mehrotra R, Sodhani P. Risk factors of breast cancer and breast self-examination in early detection: systematic review of awareness among Indian women in community and health care professionals. J Public Health. 2020;42(1):118-31.
Singh S, Shrivastava JP, Dwivedi A. Breast cancer screening existence in India: A non-existingnonexisting reality. Ind J Medic Paediatr Oncol. 2015;36(4):207-9.
Pakseresht S, Ingle GK, Garg S, Sarafraz, N. Stage at diagnosis and delay in seeking medical care among women with breast cancer, Delhi, India. Iranian Red Crescent Medic J. 2014;16(12):e14490.
Kummer S, Walter FM, Chilcot J, Scott S. Measures of psychosocial factors that may influence help-seeking behaviour in cancer: a systematic review of psychometric properties. J Health Psychol. 2019;24(1):79-99.
Friedman LC, Kalidas M, Elledge R, Dulay MF, Romero C, Chang J, Liscum KR. Medical and psychosocial predictors of delay in seeking medical consultation for breast symptoms in women in a public sector setting. J Behavioral Medic. 2006;29(4):327-34.
Consedine NS, Magai C, Krivoshekova YS, Ryzewicz L, Neugut AI. Fear, anxiety, worry, and breast cancer screening behaviour: a critical review. Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Biomarkers, 2004;13(4):501-10.
Thakur NA, Humne AY, Godale LB. Delay in presentation to the hospital and factors affecting it in breast cancer patients attending tertiary care center in Central India. Ind J Cancer. 2015;52(1):102-5.
Bish A, Ramirez A, Burgess C, Hunter M. Understanding why women delay in seeking help for breast cancer symptoms. J Psychosomatic Res. 2005;58(4):321-6.
Khan MA, Hanif S, Iqbal S, Shahzad MF, Shafique S, Khan MT. Presentation delay in breast cancer patients and its association with sociodemographic factors in North Pakistan. Chinese J Cancer Res. 2015;27:(3):288.
Poum A, Promthet S, Duffy SW, Parkin DM. Factors associated with delayed diagnosis of breast cancer in northeast Thailand. J Epidemiol. 2014;24:(2):102-8.
Sathwara JA, Balasubramaniam G, Bobdey SC, Jain A, Saoba S. Sociodemographic factors and late-stage diagnosis of breast cancer in India: A hospital-based study. Ind J Medic Paediatr Oncol. 2017;38 (3):277.
Friedman LC. Medical and psychosocial predictors of delay in seeking medical consultation for breast symptoms in low-income women. J Clinic Oncol. 2005;23:(16_suppl):677.
Smith SM, Campbell NC, MacLeod U, Lee AJ, Raja A, Wyke S, et al. Factors contributing to the time taken to consult with symptoms of lung cancer: a cross-sectional study. Thorax. 2009;64(6):523-31.
Khakbazan Z, Taghipour A, Roudsari RL, Mohammadi E. Help seeking behavior of women with self-discovered breast cancer symptoms: a meta-ethnographic synthesis of patient delay. PloS one. 2014;9(12):e110262.
Ismail GM, Abd El Hamid AA, Abd El Naby AG. Assessment of factors that hinder early detection of breast cancer among females at Cairo University Hospital. World Applied Sci J. 2013;23(1):99-108.
Ristvedt SL, Trinkaus KM. Psychological factors related to delay in consultation for cancer symptoms. Psycho‐Oncology: Journal of the Psychological, Social and Behavioral Dimensions of Cancer. 2005;14(5):339-50.
Novakov I, Popović-Petrović, S. Personality traits as predictors of the affective state in patients after breast cancer surgery. Archive Oncol. 2017;23(1): 3-8.
American Psychiatric Association: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition. Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Association, chapter personality disorder Edition, F. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. Am Psychiatric Assoc. 2013. p. 625-7
Folkman S, Lazarus RS. Coping as a mediator of emotion. J Personality and Soc Psychol. 1988;54(3):466.
Ferguson E. Personality is of central concern to understand health: towards a theoretical model for health psychology. Health Psychol Rev. 2013;7(sup1):S32-70.
Carver CS, Lehman JM, Antoni MH. Dispositional pessimism predicts illness-related disruption of social and recreational activities among breast cancer patients. J Pers Soc Psychol. 2003;84:813-21.
Reifenstein K. Care‐seeking behaviors of African American women with breast cancer symptoms. Research in Nursing & Health. 2007;30:(5):542-57.
Segerstrom SC, Evans DR, Eisenlohr-Moul TA. Optimism and pessimism dimensions in the Life Orientation Test-Revised: Method and meaning. J Res in Personality. 2011;45(1):1269.
Taylor SE, Brown JD. Illusion and well-being: a social psychological perspective on mental health. Psychol Bull. Psychological bulletin. 1988;103:(2), 193-210.
Scheier MF, Carver CS, Bridges MW. Chang EC. Optimism, & pessimism, and psychological well-being. In: Chang, EC., eds. Optimism and Pessimism: Implications for Theory, Research theory, research, and Practice. practice. American Psychological Association; Washington, DC: 2001. p. 189-216.
David D, Montgomery GH, Bovbjerg DH, Relations between coping responses and optimism–pessimism in predicting anticipatory psychological distress in surgical breast cancer patients. Personality and individual differences. 2006;40(2):203-13.
Carver CS. You want to measure coping but your protocol ’too long: Consider the brief cope. International J Behavioral Medic. 1997;4:(1):92.
Zenger M, Glaesmer H, Höckel M, Hinz A. Pessimism predicts anxiety, depression and quality of life in female cancer patients. Japanese J Clinical Oncol. 2011;41(1):87-94.
