Outcome of community based planned intervention targeting perceptions, attitudes and health seeking behaviour regarding cancers in New Delhi, India
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20200454Keywords:
Attitude, Cancers, Cancer Control Programme, Community based Intervention, Knowledge, PracticesAbstract
Background: Cancer prevention and control needs to be based on effective implementation of all approaches. Community as well as individual level interventions to increase knowledge and early reporting have shown effectiveness. A community-based intervention trial was conducted to design, implement and test short-term outcomes of evidence based preventive strategies.
Methods: A mixed methods, three phased study was conducted in three districts of Delhi, which were selected by a random process. Two randomly selected districts out of these three were intervention districts while third was the control. A total sample of 500 in each district was studied in quantitative pre and post -intervention phases. Multistage, stratified, cluster sampling was utilized. Pre-tested and validated tools were used.
Results: Post intervention, statistically significant higher scores were observed in all domains in intervention districts as compared to control (p<0.01). Though comparison of slum versus non-slum showed significant increment in knowledge and practice scores, with higher scores for non-slum respondents, the attitudes were very similar (p>0.05). The increment score changes between males and females was similar in all classes of society versus control district. Comparison within the intervention and control groups revealed increased scores in intervention districts and decreased scores in control district, in all domains (p<0.05).
Conclusions: Our study has helped in understanding the determinants of perceptions, attitude and practices regarding cancer in the community, This, helped in formulating the need-based intervention strategies. Testing the short-term outcome of intervention showed it to be effective.
References
National Cancer Control Programmes. Policies and managerial guidelines. 2nd Edition. World Health Organization. 2002.
IARC. World cancer report 2014. Wild. WHO publications. Available at: https://www.who.int/cancer/publications/WRC_2014/en/. Accessed on 10 February 2019.
Nandkumar A, Gupta PC, Gangadharan P, Visweswara RN. Development of an atlas of cancer in India-First all India report 2001- 2002. National Cancer Registry Programme. April 2004.
Nair MK, Varghese C, Swaminathan R. Cancer: Current scenario, intervention strategies and projections for 2015. NCHM Background papers-Burden of Disease in India. 2005:219-5.
DeVita VT, Lawrence TS, Rosenberg SA. Cancer of the Breast: From Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology. Lippincott Williams and Wilkins; 2016 Mar 18.
Seth T, Kotwal A, Thakur R, Singh P, Kochupillai V. Common cancers in India: Knowledge, attitudes and Behaviors of Urban Slum dwellers in New Delhi (India). Public Health. 2005;119(2):87-96.
Kotwal A, Thakur R, Seth T. Correlates of tobacco-use pattern amongst adolescents in two schools of New Delhi, India. Indian J Med Sci. 2005 Jun; 59(6):243-52.
Austoker J, Bankhead C, Forbes LJL, Atkins L, Martin F, Robb K, et al. Interventions to promote cancer awareness and early presentation: systematic review. Brit J Cancer. 2009;10:S31-9.
Athey VL, Suckling RJ, Tod AM, Walters SJ, Rojers TK. Early diagnosis of lung cancer: evaluation of a community-based social marketing intervention. Thorax. 2012;67:412-7.
Park K, Hong WH, Kye SY, Jung E, Kim M-h, Park H G, et al. Community-based intervention to promote breast cancer awareness and screening: The Korean experience. BMC Public Health 2011;11:468.
Blumenthal DS, Fort, JG, Ahmed NU, Semenya K A, Schreiber GB, Perry S, et al. Impact of a Two-City Community Cancer Prevention Intervention on African Americans. J Nat Med Assoc. 2005;97:1479 -88.
Shankar A, Roy S, Rath GK, Chakraborty A, Kamal VK, Biswas AS. Impact of Cancer Awareness Drive on Generating Awareness of and Improving Screening for Cervical Cancer: A Study Among Schoolteachers in India. Journal of global oncology. 2018 Feb;4:1-7.
Rosser JI, Njoroge B, Huchko MJ. Changing knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors regarding cervical cancer screening: The effects of an educational intervention in rural Kenya. Patient Edu Counseling. 2015 Jul 1;98(7):884-9.
Akhtari-Zavare M, Juni MH, Said SM, Ismail IZ, Latiff LA, Eshkoor SA. Result of randomized control trial to increase breast health awareness among young females in Malaysia. BMC Public Health. 2016 Dec 1;16(1):738-48.
Nissinen A, Berrios X, Puska P. Community-based noncommunicable disease interventions: lessons from developed countries for developing ones. Bull World Health Org. 2001;79:963-70.
Kelle U. Combining qualitative and quantitative methods in research practice: purposes and advantages. Qualit Res Psychol. 2006;3(4):293-311.
Campbell MK, Mollison J, Steen N, Grimshaw JM, Eccles M. Analysis of cluster randomized trials in primary care: a practical approach. Fam Pract. 2000;17:192-6.
Seth T, Kotwal A, Thakur R, Rath GK, Sharma DN, Nagpal J. Community Based Planned Intervention Targetting Perceptions, Attitudes and Health Seeking Behaviour Regarding Cancers in New Delhi: The Study Protocol. Nat J Commu Med. 2019;10(6):323-30.