A study on prevalence of hypertension and its relationship with overweight and obesity in adolescents and young adults, Nizamabad city
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20193984Keywords:
Hypertension, Overweight, ObesityAbstract
Background: The overall imbalance between unhealthy diet intake and physical activity leads to obesity which contributes to high blood pressure and high cholesterol. It is multi factorial disease and changes in the levels of blood pressure and blood lipids differ by age sex and race and are influenced by body fat and dietary patterns. These risk factors need to be monitored and evaluated in childhood and adolescents. So identifying and modifying the risk factors in early age reduces the incidence in adolescents and adult. Prevalence of hypertension varies across countries and states. The prevalence of hypertension in India is reported as ranging from 10 to 30.9%. The objective of the present study is to observe the prevalence hypertension among study population and to study contributing factors for hypertension among study population.
Methods: A cross sectional study done on 100 adolescents and young adults of both sexes in the age group 17 to 25 years from 2 degree colleges randomly selected in Nizamabad city, Telangana, India.
Results: In the present study population 52 were males and 48 were females, 22 students belongs to rural area and 78 belongs to urban area, pre-hypertension and hypertension was found 8% in both age groups. Overweight and obesity (>25) was found 7% in 17-19 age group and 9% in 20-25 age group. Pre-hypertension and hypertension was found among 10% of alcoholics.
Conclusions: The result of our study concluded that there is increasing prevalence of hypertension with increase in age and is associated with overweight and obesity.
References
Falkner B. National high blood pressure education program working group on high blood pressure in children and ado-lescents. The Fourth Report on the diagnosis, evaluation and treatment of high blood pressure in children and adolescents. Paediatr. 2004;114:555-75.
McNiece KL, Poffenbarger TS, Turner JL, Franco KD, Sorof JM, Portman RJ. Prevalence of hypertension and pre-hypertension among adolescents. J Pediatr. 2007;150(6):640-4.
Hall JE. The kidney, hypertension, and obesity. Hypertension. 2003;41(3):625-33.
Verma V, Singh SK. Prevalence of hypertension in Gujarati school going children and adolescents in Anand district. Nat J Community Med. 2012;3(3):452-7.
Drukteinis JS, Roman MJ, Fab-sitz RR, Lee ET, Best LG, Russell M, et al. Cardiac and systemic hemodynamic characteristics of hypertension and prehypertension in adolescents and young adults. Circulation. 2007;115:221-7.
Burke GL, Cresanta JL, Shear CL, Miner MH, Berenson GS. Cardiovascular risk factors and their modification in children. Cardiol Clin. 1986;4:33-6.
Dzietham RD, Liu Y, Bielo MV, Shamsa F. High Blood pressure trends in children and adolescents in national surveys, 1963 to 2002. Circulation. 2007;116(13):1488-96.
Munter P, He J, Cutler JA, Wildman RP, Whelton BK. Trends in blood pressure among children and adolescents. JAMA. 2004;291:2107-13.
Gupta AK, Ahmed AJ. Normal blood pressure and evaluation of sustained blood pressure and evaluation of sustained blood pressure elevation. Indian Pediatr. 1990;27:33-42.
Verma M, Chhatwal J, George SM. Obesity and hypertension. Indian Pediatr. 1994;1:1065-9.
Soudarssanane M, Mathanraj S, Sumanth M, Sahai A, KarthigeyanM. Tracking of blood pressure among ado-lescents and young adults in an urban slum of Puducherry. Indian J Community Med. 2008;33:107-12.
Jackson LV, Thalange NK, Cole TJ. Blood pressure centiles for Great Britain. Arch Dis Child. 2007;92:298-303.
Varadappa ST, Kumar PS, Gaboraiah PG, Raju RMN, Subbanna LY. Prevalence of obesity among college students in rural area of Bangalore. Nat J Community Med. 2014;5(1):42-5.
Falkner B, Gidding SS, Ramirez-Garnica G, Wiltrout SA, West D, Rappaport EB. The relationship of body mass index and blood pressure in primary care pediatric patients. J Pediatr. 2006;148(2):195-200.
Ostchega Y, Carroll M, Prineas RJ, McDowell MA, Louis T, Tilert T. Trends of elevated blood pressure among children and adolescents: data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1988-2006. Am J Hypertens. 2009;22(1):59-67
Dannenberg AL, Garrison RJ, Kennel WB. Incidence of hypertension in the Framingham study. Am J Public Health. 1998;78:676-9.
Hardy R, Wadsworth ME, Langenberg C, Kuh D. Birth weight, childhood growth and blood pressure at 43 years in a British birth cohort. Int J Epidemiol. 2004;33:121-9.
World Health Organization. Preventing chronic diseases: a vital investment. World Global Report. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2005.
