A study on prevalence of risk factors for non-communicable diseases among allopathic doctors of Vijayawada city, Andhra Pradesh
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20193480Keywords:
Allopathic doctors, Non-communicable diseases, Smoking, AlcoholAbstract
Background: Chronic non-communicable diseases (CNCDs) are the leading cause of death in the world. Accounting for around 60% of all deaths and 44% of premature deaths worldwide. The objective of the study was to assess the prevalence of risk factors for non-communicable diseases among allopathic doctors in Vijayawada.
Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted on allopathic practicing doctors who were working in the various Hospitals, clinics, Nursing Homes within the corporation limits of Vijayawada city.
Results: Out of the 720 study subjects, 498 doctors (69.2%) were males and 222 doctors (30.8%) were females. majority of the doctors 515 (71.5%) were with educational qualification of master degrees (MS/MD/MDS). Doctors in clinical specialty are more 565 (78.5%) compared with non-clinical 133 (18.4%) and dental 22 (3.1%). With regarding working sector, nearly one third of doctors were working in private sector 532 (73.9%).
Conclusions: Because of more exposure to unhealthy life styles like smoking, alcohol, unhealthy dietary habits like high intake of salt, inadequate use of fruits and vegetables, oil fries and by leading a sedentary life and high risk factors like overweight/obesity, hypertension and diabetes a large number of the doctor’s population were at increased risk for chronic non-communicable diseases.
References
World Health Organization. Preventing chronic diseases a vital investment. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2005. Available at https://www.who. Int/chpchronic_disease_report/full_report.pdf. Accessed 20 March 2019.
World Health Organization. World Health Report.Geneva: World Health Organization, 2002. Available at: https://www.who.int/whr /2002/en/ whr02_en.pdf. Accessed on 12 February 2019.
Daar AS, Singer PA. Grand challenges in chronic non-communicable diseases. Nature. 2017;450:494-6.
Non-communicable disease risk factors survey: Integrated Disease Surveillance Project (IDSP), Phase-I States, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India; 2009:1-2.
Reddy, Srinath K. Prevention and control of non-communicable diseases: status and strategies. New Delhi: Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relations, 2003. Available at: https//:www.icrier.org/pdf/WP104.pdf. Accessed on 21 August 2018.
Mehan MB, Srivatsav N, Panday H. Profile of non-communicable disease risk factors in an industrial setting. J Postgrad Med. 2006; 52(3):167-71.
Ischemic Heart Diseases-Acute Myocardial Infarction Standard Treatment Guidelines. India; Ministry of Health and family Welfare. Available at: URL:https://www.mohfw.nic.in/nrhm/stg/PDF%20 Content/STG%20Select%20Conditions/Acute%20Myocardial% 20Infarction.pdf. Accessed on 24 August 2018.
Ghosh AK, Joshi SR. Physician’s Health: Time to take care. JAPI. 2008;56:13-4.
Shanafelt TD, Sloan JA, Habermann TM. The well being of physicians. Am J Med. 2003;114(6):513-9.
Ramachandran A, Snehalatha C, Yamuna A, Murugesan N. High prevalence of cardio metabolic risk factors among young physicians in India. J Assoc Physicians India. 2008;56:17-20.
WHO. Assessment of burden of non-communicable diseases Geneva: World Health Organization Available at: https://www.who. int/nmh/publications/ncd_report_full_en.pdf. Accessed on 21 August 2018.
WHO. Part 1: Introduction and Roles Overview, WHO STEPS Surveillance, 2008. Available at: https://www.who.int/ncds/surveillance/steps/Part1. pdf. Accessed on 24 October 2018.
Roy A. Suicide in doctors. Psychiatr Clin North Am. 1985;8(2):377-87.
Minervini MC, Zabert GE, Rondell MPP, Gomez M, Castalios C, Buist AS et al. Tobacco use among Argentine Physicians: Personal behaviour and attitudes. Revista Argentina de Medicina Respiratoria. 2006;3:100-5.
Gupta AK, Mazta SR, Kumar S, Joshi I. Prevalence of use of tobacco among male medical students in IGMC Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India. JIMSA. 2012;25(4):241.
Sarkar D, Dhand R, Malhotra A, Malhotra S, Sharma BK. Perceptions and attitude towards tobacco smoking among doctors in Chandigarh. Indian J Chest Dis Allied Sci. 1990;32(1):1-9.
Yerpude PN, Jogdand KS. Study of determinants of smoking habit among medical student. Pravara Med Rev. 2011;3(2).
Rosta J. Prevalence of problem-related drinking among doctors: a review on representative samples. Ger Med Sci. 2005;3:1612-3174.
Murthy P, Manjunatha N, Subodh BN, Chand PK, Benegal V. Substance use and addiction research in India. Indian J Psychiatry 2010;52(7):189-99.
NIMHANS. Available at: http://nimhans.ac.in/cam/ sites/default/ files/Publications/25.3.pdf. Accessed on 25 May 2019.
Benegal. Alcohol related harm Implications for Public Health and Policy in India. NIMHANS. 2011: 23.
Sugathan TN. Behavioural risk factors for non communicable diseases among adults in Kerala, India. Indian J Med Res. 2008;127: 555-63.
Shah B, Amthur P. Risk factor surveillance for non communicable diseases (NCDs): The Multi-site ICMR-WHO Collaborative Initiative. Mumbai, India; 2005.
Ghulam DS. An epidemiological study of drug abuse in urban population of Madhya Pradesh. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 38(3):160-5.
Anand K, Shah B, Yadav K, Singh R. Are the urban poor vulnerable to non-communicable diseases? A survey of risk factors for non-communicable diseases in urban slums of Faridabad. Natl Med J India. 2007;20(3):115-20.
Joseph A, Kutty VR, Soman CR. High risk of coronary heart disease in Thiruvananthapuram city: A study of serum lipids and other risk factors. Indian Heart J. 2000;52(1):29-35.
Anitha N, Sunil G, Sila D, Anannya R, Ravneeth K. A study of the profile of behavioral risk factors of non-communicable diseases in an urban setting using the WHO STEP1 approach. Ann Trop Med Public Health. 2009;2(1):15-9.
World Health Organization. Obesity and overweight. Geneva; WHO. Available at: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/ obesity-and-overweight. Accessed on 12 November 2018.
Abubakar M, Latifa A, Mohammed AJ. Surveillance for non-communicable disease risk factors in Maldives: results from the first STEPS survey in male. Int J Public Health. 2010;55(5):489-96.
Gandhi H, Vaishali K, Prem V, Vijayakumar K, Adikari P, UnniKrishnan B et al. A survey on physical activity and noncommunicable disease risk factors among physicians in tertiary care hospitals, Mangalore. Natl J of Community Med. 2012;3(1).
Tanakappan KR. Risk factors for chronic non-communicable diseases: results of a community-based study in Kerala, India. Indian J Med Res. 2010;131(1):53-63.
Chadha SL, Gopinath N, Shekhawat S. Urban rural differences in the prevalence of coronary heart disease and its risk factors in Delhi. WHO Bull Health Organ. 1997;75(1):31-8.
Mahajan DC, Birari SS, Khairnar GS, Patil YP. Prevalence of non-communicable diseases risk factors in two groups of urban populations. Asian J Epidemiol. 2009;2:1-8.
Meenakshi. Risk factors profile of non-communicable diseases among middle-income (18-65 years) free living urban population of India. Int J Diab Der Crres. 2006;26(4):169-76.
Janghorbani M. First nationwide survey of prevalence of overweight, underweight, and abdominal obesity in Iranian adults: obesity. 2007;15:2797-808.
Kaur S, Walia I. Body mass index, waist circumference and waist hip ratio among nursing students. Nurs Midwifery Res J. 2007;3(2).
Gupta R, Gupta VP, Sarna M, Bhatnagar S, Thanvi J, Sharma V. Prevalence of coronary heart disease and coronary risk factors in an urban Indian population: Jaipur Heart Watch 2. Indian Heart J. 2002;54(1):59-66.
Prabakaran J, Vijayalakshmi N, VenkataRao E. Prevalence of hypertension among urban adult population (25-64 years) of Nellore, India. Int J Res Dev Health. 2013;1(2).
Ministry of Health & Quality of Life, Mauritius. Non-communicable Diseases Survey 2004. Available at: www.who.int/chp/steps/ STEPS ReportMauritius.pdf. Accessed on February 2019.
Waist Circumference and Waist–Hip Ratio: Report of a WHO Expert Consultation Geneva, 2008.
WHO, world database on Body Mass, Geneva: World Health Organization. Available at: https://www.who.int/nutrition/databases/bmi/en/. Accessed on 2 August 2018.
