A study on prevalence of overweight and obesity in school going adolescents and its association with socio-demographic factors in Lucknow district
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20193972Keywords:
Overweight, Obesity, Adolescents, Prevalence, Socio-demographic factorsAbstract
Background: Overweight and obesity are defined as abnormal or excessive fat accumulation that presents a risk to health. Obesity has become a global public health issue and is widely recognized as a key risk factor for coronary heart disease, hypertension, diabetes and many other health problems. The objectives of present study were to assess the prevalence of overweight and obesity and its association with socio-demographic factors amongst school-going adolescents in Lucknow district.
Methods: This study was a school-based cross-sectional study and was carried out in urban and rural areas of Lucknow, from January 2018 to June 2018. Sample size was 620. A multi-stage random sampling technique has been used to select the required sample size. Data analysis was done using software MS Office excel and SPSS 18 for windows.
Results: A total of 620 adolescents were studied. Majority (82.1%) of adolescents were found to be non-overweight/obese while 17.9% were found to be overweight/obese. Majority (66.7%) of students were overweight or obese, belonging to social class I while only 15.7% students were overweight or obese belonging to social class V.
Conclusions: The results of our study show that overweight/obesity continues to be a public health concern in adolescents. The current study shows that adolescent overweight and obesity are increasing even in low socio-economic status. Emphasis should be placed on awareness program for obesity prevention among school students by strengthening lifestyle change.
References
WHO. Health topics: Obesity. Available at http://www.who.int/topics/obesity/en/. Accessed 21 July 2018.
WHO. Health topics: Adolescent Health. Available at http://www.who.int/topics/adolescent_health/en/. Accessed 21 July 2018.
World Health Organization, “Health needs of adolescents,” Tech. Rep. 609, WHO Expert Committee, Geneva, Switzerland: 1997.
Alenazi SA, Koura HM, Zaki SM, Mohamed AH. Prevalence of obesity among male adolescents in Arar Saudi Arabia: Future risk of cardiovascular disease. Indian J Community Med. 2015;40(3):182-7.
Ranjani H, Mehreen TS, Pradeepa R, Anjana RM, Garg R, Anand K, et al. Epidemiology of childhood overweight and obesity in India: A systematic review. Indian J Med Res. 2016;143:160-74.
Obesity: preventing and managing the global epidemic, Report of a WHO consultation. Geneva, World Health Organization; 2000: Technical Report Series 894.
Mahajan PB, Purty AJ, Singh Z, Cherian J, Natesan M, Arepally S, et al. Study of childhood obesity among school children aged 6 to 12 years in union territory of Puducherry. Indian J Community Med. 2011;36:45-50.
Nawab T, Khan Z, Khan IM, Ansari MA. Influence of behavioral determinants on the prevalence of overweight and obesity among school going adolescents of Aligarh. Indian J Public Health. 2014;58:121-4.
Government of India, Ministry of Home Affairs, Office of the Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India; 2011 Census Data; Available at http://www.census2011.co.in/census/district/528-lucknow.html. Accessed 21 July 2018.
WHO. BMI-for-age (5-19 years). Available at https://www.who.int/growthref/who 2007_bmi_for_ age/en/ Accessed 21 July 2018.
WHO. Chart catalogue. Available at https://www.who.int/childgrowth/standards/chart_ catalogue/en/ Accessed 21 July 2018.
Jain B, Jain S, Garg SK, Chopra H, Singh G, Mittal C. Impact of Sociodemographic factors on prevalence of overweight and obesity among adolescents of urban Meerut. Indian J Comm Health. 2018;30(1):90-5.
Gamit SS, Moitra M, Verma MR. Prevalence of obesity and overweight in schoolgoing adolescents of Surat city, Gujarat, India. Int J Med Sci Public Health. 2015;4(1):42.
Taneja M, Maini B, Singh M, Mathur SK. Identification of Family Risk Factors of Obesity in Urban Adolescents of North India. J Obes Metab Res. 2015;2:84-8.
Wang H, Hu R, Du H, Fiona B, Zhong J, Yu M. The relationship between sleep duration and obesity risk among school students: a cross-sectional study in Zhejiang, China. Nutr Metabol. 2018;15(1):48.
Pathak S, Modi P, Labana U, Khimyani P, Joshi A, Jadeja R, et al. Prevalence of obesity among urban and rural school going adolescents of Vadodara, India: a comparative study. Int J Contemp Pediatr. 2018;5:1355-9.
Alok P, Malay P, Divyeshkumar V. Prevalence of overweight and obesity in adolescents of urban and rural area of Surat, Gujarat. Natl J Med Res. 2012;2:325-9.
National Family Health Survey (NFHS-IV): 2014-15. Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India. Available at http://rchiips. Org/nfhs/pdf/NFHS4/India.pdf. Accessed 18 October 2018.
Keerthan KM, Prashanth K, Kavya EB, Kavya RR, Kumar KB, Krishnamurthy H, et al. Prevalence of obesity among high school children in Dakshina Kannada and Udupi Districts. Nitte Univ J Health Sci. 2011;1:16-20.
Ganie MA, Bhat GA, Wani IA, Rashid A, Zargar SA, Charoo BA, et al. Prevalence, risk factors and consequences of overweight and obesity among schoolchildren: a cross-sectional study in Kashmir, India. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metabol. 2017;30(2):203-9.
Barbu CG, Teleman MD, Albu AI, Sirbu AE, Martin SC, Bancescu A, et al. Obesity and eating behaviours in school children and adolescents -data from a cross sectional study from Bucharest, Romania. BMC Public Health. 2015;15:206.
Abdalla MM, Mohammed SG, Gritly SM. Assessment of nutritional status of the adolescents (13-18 years) studying in secondary schools in Elhafeir Area-Dangle Locality-Northern State 2018. Indian J Appl Res. 2018;8(5).
Vohra R, Bhardwaj P, Srivastava JP, Srivastava S, Vohra A. Overweight and obesity among school-going children of Lucknow city. J Fam Community Med. 2011;18(2):59.
