Assessment of awareness and practice of foot care and physical activity among people with type 2 diabetes attending a tertiary care teaching hospital
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20173816Keywords:
Diabetes, Foot care, Awareness, Practice, Physical activity, PatientsAbstract
Background: Diabetes Mellitus is one of the leading non communicable diseases in India. Associated complications are also on rise. Knowing about self-care becomes important to prevent these complications in them. This study was done to determine the level of awareness and practice of foot care among type 2 diabetes patients attending a tertiary care center.
Methods: A cross sectional descriptive study done by interviewing 106 diabetic patients attending a teaching hospital in Kolar, using pretested questionnaire.
Results: In the present study the mean (SD) of awareness and practice of foot care were 5.33 (3.09) and 6.54 (2.94) respectively. Low mean scores were significantly associated (p<0.05) with lack of formal education and not receiving advice on foot care by doctors. Only 51.9% of them were educated regarding foot care while 77% of the subjects were advised to do physical activity. Only 8.5% of them had good knowledge, 35.8% had satisfactory level and more than 50% of them had poor or very poor knowledge regarding foot care. On the other hand about 15.1% of the study participants’ foot care practice was good, 36.8% were satisfactory and 48.1% were poor or very poor in foot care practice. A strong positive correlation (r=0.85) was observed between level of awareness and practice of foot care which was statistically significant (p<0.001).
Conclusions: Low mean scores of awareness and practice suggests that there is a need for focused educational intervention on foot care to all diabetic patients in order to prevent foot complications in them.
References
Kasinathan D, Girijakumari NR, Marimuthu PN, Ramar M, Muthusamy K. Awareness on Type II Diabetes and Its Complication among Sivaganga District Population in Tamilnadu: A Cross Section Survey. J Adv Sci Res. 2013;4(1):38-42.
Mohan V, Mathur P, Deepa R, Deepa M, Shukla DK, Menon GR, et al. Urban rural differences in prevalence of self-reported diabetes in India—The WHO–ICMR Indian NCD risk factor surveillance. Diabetes research and clinical practice. 2008;80(1):159-68.
IDF Diabetes Atlas, Executive Summary, International Diabetes Federation, 6th edition, 2013. Available at: file:///C:/Users/comp/Downloads/ english-6th.pdf. Accessed on June 2017.
Saurabh S, Sarkar S, Selvaraj K, Kar SS, Kumar SG, Roy G. Effectiveness of foot care education among people with type 2 diabetes in rural Puducherry, India. Indian J Endocrinol Metabol. 2014;18(1):106.
Al-Kaabi J, Al-Maskari F, Afandi B, Parkar H, Nagelkerke N. Physical activity and reported barriers to activity among type 2 diabetic patients in the United Arab Emirates. RDS. 2009;6(4):271.
Dixit S, Kumar S. Awareness of Diabetic Foot complications in Type 2 Diabetes Populations in Rural India: Are we doing enough? Diabetes Metabol. 2014;5:363.
Mehra BR, Thawait AP, Karandikar SS, Gupta DO, Narang RR. Evaluation of foot problems among diabetics in rural population. Indian J Surg. 2008;70(4):175-80.
Dixit S, Maiya A, Khetrapal H, Agrawal B, Vidyasagar S, Umakanth S. A questionnaire based survey on awareness of diabetic foot care in Indian population with diabetes: A cross-sectional multicentre study. Indian J Med Sci. 2011;65(10):411-23.
Potluri R, Purmah Y, Dowlut M, Sewpaul N, Lavu D. Microvascular diabetic complications are more prevalent in India compared to Mauritius and the UK due to poorer diabetic control. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2009;86(2):39-40.
Lipsky BA. A current approach to diabetic foot infections. Current infectious disease reports. 1999;1(3):253-60.
Seid A, Tsige Y. Knowledge, practice, and barriers of foot care among diabetic patients attending Felege Hiwot Referral Hospital, Bahir Dar, Northwest Ethiopia. Advances in Nursing. 2015;2015:934623.
Chellan G, Srikumar S, Varma AK, Mangalanandan TS, Sundaram KR, Jayakumar RV, et al. Foot care practice–The key to prevent diabetic foot ulcers in India. Foot. 2012;22(4):298-302.
Bader MS. Diabetic foot infection. Am Fam Physician. 2008;78(1):71-9.
Ekore RI, Ajayi IO, Arije A, Ekore JO. Knowledge of and attitude to foot care amongst Type 2 diabetes patients attending a university-based primary care clinic in Nigeria. Afr J Primary Health Care Family Med. 2010;2(1):1-3.
Desalu OO, Salawu FK, Jimoh AK, Adekoya AO, Busari OA, Olokoba AB. Diabetic foot care: self reported knowledge and practice among patients attending three tertiary hospital in Nigeria. Ghana Med J. 2011;45(2):60-5.
Pollock RD, Unwin NC, Connolly V. Knowledge and practice of foot care in people with diabetes. Diabetes Res Clin Practice. 2004;64(2):117-22.
Khamseh ME, Vatankhah N, Baradaran HR. Knowledge and practice of foot care in Iranian people with type 2 diabetes. Int Wound J. 2007;4(4):298-302.
Hasnain S, Sheikh NH. Knowledge and practices regarding foot care in diabetic patients visiting diabetic clinic in Jinnah Hospital, Lahore. JPMA. J Pakistan Med Assoc. 2009;59(10):687.
Viswanathan V, Shobhana R, Snehalatha C, Seena R, Ramachandran A. Need for education on footcare in diabetic patients in India. J Associat Phys India. 1999;47(11):1083-5.
Khamseh ME, Vatankhah N, Baradaran HR. Knowledge and practice of foot care in Iranian people with type 2 diabetes. Int Wound J. 2007;4(4):298-302.
Chiwanga FS, Njelekela MA. Diabetic foot: prevalence, knowledge, and foot self-care practices among diabetic patients in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania–a cross-sectional study. J Foot Ankle Res. 2015;8(1):20.
