Epidemiological surveillance of tuberculosis among HIV/AIDS seropositive individuals attending ART center at a tertiary care teaching hospital

Authors

  • Neethi Chandra M. Department of Pulmonology, Sri Venkateshwara Ram Narain Ruia Government General Hospital, Tirupathi, Andhra Pradesh, India
  • Ramesh Babu A. ART Center, Sri Venkateshwara Ram Narain Ruia Government General Hospital, Tirupathi, Andhra Pradesh, India
  • T. S. Durga Prasad Department of Pharmacy Practice, Sri Padmavathi School of Pharmacy, Tiruchanoor, Tirupathi, Andhra Pradesh, India
  • Meghana Devulapalli Department of Pharmacy Practice, Sri Padmavathi School of Pharmacy, Tiruchanoor, Tirupathi, Andhra Pradesh, India
  • Shabana Banu S. K. Department of Pharmacy Practice, Sri Padmavathi School of Pharmacy, Tiruchanoor, Tirupathi, Andhra Pradesh, India
  • Avanthi B. Department of Pharmacy Practice, Sri Padmavathi School of Pharmacy, Tiruchanoor, Tirupathi, Andhra Pradesh, India
  • Pavan Kumar B. Department of Pharmacy Practice, Sri Padmavathi School of Pharmacy, Tiruchanoor, Tirupathi, Andhra Pradesh, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20173329

Keywords:

Prevalence, Routes of transmission, ART regimens, types of TB, smear characterization and CD4 counts

Abstract

Background:HI

Background: HIV/ AIDS is an epidemic that is most prevalent in India affecting people of different age groups, occupations and gender. It has a severe impact on the health status of the affected individuals. With the increase in the transmission of HIV there is also an increase in the existence of TB as a co-infection. In this context, the aim of our study is to emphasize the factors affecting the occurrence, transmission and prognosis of HIV/AIDS patients along with TB co-infection.

Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted from October 2015 to March 2016 at an ART center in South India. All the seropositive patients with/ without opportunistic infection above the age of 18 years were included in the study.

Results: Overall 374 patients were included in the study, of which the most affected age group was 18-45 years. Women constituted 55.61% of the total population. 64.17% of the individuals were married. Majority of them belonged to rural areas (64.97%) and were illiterates (37.43%). Commonly observed WHO clinical stage was I and functional status was working. Heterosexuality (93.65%) was the predominant route of transmission. 170 had TB with PTB (60.58%) being prevalent than EPTB (33.52%). The number of smear positive and smear negative cases were 37.79% and 27.55% respectively. DOTS therapy was accessible to only 49.99%.

Conclusions: There was an extensive prevalence of TB among HIV/AIDS individuals. This signifies a need for increased screening of TB among HIV seropositive individuals and vice-versa. Preventive and educational programmes should be organised to halt the transmission of HIV and to reduce the newly occurring HIV infections. V/ AIDS is an epidemic that is most prevalent in India affecting people of different age groups, occupations and gender. It has a severe impact on the health status of the affected individuals. With the increase in the transmission of HIV there is also an increase in the existence of TB as a co-infection. In this context, the aim of our study is to emphasize the factors affecting the occurrence, transmission and prognosis of HIV/AIDS patients along with TB co-infection.

Methodology: A cross sectional study was conducted from October 2015 to March 2016 at an ART center in South India. All the seropositive patients with/ without opportunistic infection above the age of 18 years were included in the study.

Results: Overall 374 patients were included in the study, of which the most affected age group was 18-45 years. Women constituted 55.61% of the total population. 64.17% of the individuals were married. Majority of them belonged to rural areas (64.97%) and were illiterates (37.43%). Commonly observed WHO clinical stage was I and functional status was working. Heterosexuality (93.65%) was the predominant route of transmission. 170 had TB with PTB (60.58%) being prevalent than EPTB (33.52%). The number of smear positive and smear negative cases were 37.79% and 27.55% respectively. DOTS therapy was accessible to only 49.99%.

Conclusion: There was an extensive prevalence of TB among HIV/AIDS individuals. This signifies a need for increased screening of TB among HIV seropositive individuals and vice-versa. Preventive and educational programmes should be organised to halt the transmission of HIV and to reduce the newly occurring HIV infections.

 

 

 

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Published

2017-07-22

How to Cite

M., N. C., A., R. B., Prasad, T. S. D., Devulapalli, M., S. K., S. B., B., A., & B., P. K. (2017). Epidemiological surveillance of tuberculosis among HIV/AIDS seropositive individuals attending ART center at a tertiary care teaching hospital. International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health, 4(8), 2816–2824. https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20173329

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Original Research Articles